Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Isabels beloved grandfather Litoshort for Abuelitois on board as well, though he is unsure about leaving Cuba. 2023 . T he main characters in Refugee are Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bishara.. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old Jewish boy living in Berlin, Germany, in 1938. With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. The book revolves around three main characters from three different eras: Nazi Germany, 1990s Cuba, and modern-day Syria. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. His selflessness is made evident when he sacrifices his own life for his sister's. Josef later dies in a concentration camp. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America, Mahmoud is a Syrian boy in 2015. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Word Count: 1329. At only 13, Josef takes on much of the family's responsibilities. The elderly woman Mahmoud meets is Ruth, Josefs younger sister. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance Summary Plot Overview Refugee follows the stories of three different children and their families, each attempting to flee their violent homelands, in different regions of the world and during different decades. Some novels are engaging and some novels are important. Though the stories are fictionalized, the events they draw from are historical, enabling readers to empathize with the perils of those whose lives are too often dismissed as remote news stories. Refugee follows the stories of three different children and their families, each attempting to flee their violent homelands, in different regions of the world and during different decades. After the Soviet Union collapsed, so too did its aid to Cuba, forcing thousands of families like Isabels into utter poverty. Thus, the sea comes to represent death, chaos, and uncertainty at one level. Refugee Chapters 33-43 Summary & Analysis | SuperSummary Gratz accomplishes a feat that is nothing short of brilliantPoignant, respectful, and historically accurate while pulsating with emotional turmoil, adventure, and suspense. eNotes.com Storyboards also promote higher-level thinking by encouraging students to synthesize information and think critically about what they have read. Yet this episode also shows how Ruthie has been able to retain some of her innocence and childhood as she plays, which only showcases Josefs comparative maturity when he refuses. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Thus, the waters are deceptive for Josef, as is proved when the St. Louis is turned back from the Cuban shore. In Refugee, what is the climax of Mahmoud's story. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Refugee is more than a story about children fleeing their homelands, it is a story about what unites us all love, family and perseverance. The second is the date of With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world, Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. You have successfully joined Alan's newsletter list! Fast paced, insightful, filled with drama and tension. Chapter 22 Summary: "Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939" . Anincredibly important, heartrending, edge-of-the-seat read, bringing light to the plight of immigrants who search for safety and freedom. Summary Josef is still outside the Havana Harbor, 21 days from home. That day in 1940 in France, her mother could not make the impossible choice before her. Officer Padron insists they had the right papers but the crowd gets mad insisting they also have the right papers. The Landau's went through many hardships during the . Lito jumps in the water to distract the Coast Guard, and Isabels mother gives birth to a boy, just as they reach the shore. The two families face many challenges as they try to cross the Caribbean Sea to Florida. Active Themes Related Quotes with Explanations Its other accolades include the Sydney Taylor Book Award, the National Jewish Book Award, the Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award, a Charlotte Huck Award Honor, and a Malka Penn Award for . Mahmoud learns to shed his anonymity and turn more decisive as his raft flounders in the Mediterranean. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Six months later, Aaron tells his family in a letter that he has been released from the concentration camp Dachau by the Nazis on the condition that the family leave Germany immediately. Plus, our printable worksheets make it easy to take the fun offline. This is an engaging tale. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Already a member? It is shabbos and time for Josefs Bar Mitzvah, the Jewish religious ceremony when a Jewish boy turns 13 years old. Discount, Discount Code The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. For one, fiction enables the reader to inhabit history in a way that textbooks and newsprint cannot accommodate. Synopsis: Refugee is a historical fiction novel that features 3 stories in one ; Josef, a Jewish boy escaping Nazi Germany in the 1930s, Isabel, a Cuban girl escaping Castro's regime in 1994, and Mahmoud, a Syrian boy fleeing from the conflict in Syria in 2015. In Cuba in 1994, eleven-year-old Isabel Fernandez lives a life of poverty and uncertainty in the middle of civil strife. Refugee Character Analysis | SuperSummary -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. As the starving populace rioted against dictator Fidel Castros police, Castro allowed Cubans to flee to the United States, thus ending the riots in effect. Josef's story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. All storyboards are private and secure to the portal using enterprise-class file security hosted by Microsoft Azure. A gripping, visceral, and hold-your-breath intense story of three young refugees. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. In the end, these three stories are connected. Struggling with distance learning? Is Ravis experience Josef Landau is a Jewish boy in Germany in 1938. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Subscribe now. The summary is broken up into approximately 50-page blocks. A biblical reference to Noahs ark as the sanctuary bridging creatures over troubled waters is implicit in the novels boat imagery. (including. Forced to be an asylum-seeker himself, Lito finally understands the predicament of those on the ship. The frequent dangers that surround the boat underline the fragility of hope in the life of the novels asylum-seekers. Josef recites the blessing and after the ceremony everyone congratulates him. When Isabel is asked to play a song at her new school in America, she plays a Cuban salsa version of The Star-Spangled Banner.. Refugee (Gratz novel) - Wikipedia The smugglers raft is destroyed by rocks as they cross the Mediterranean. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Writing of the Syrian crisis, he notes. The third story belongs to thirteen-year-old Mahmoud Bishara, who lives in war-torn Aleppo, Syria, against the backdrop of a crisis which continues into the present day. It carried 937 Jewish refugees who were seeking freedom from Nazi persecution in Germany. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Seor Castillo, who is passive for much of the action, pulls Isabel into the water at the end of the novel to ensure that she reaches the American coast. Students will see themselves in the young protagonists: children faced with tragic circumstances but who, at their heart, are just kids who love their families and want to live in peace. Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. He watches his friends' father, whom had already sought asylum in Cuba, come to pick up his daughters on the boat. Isabels story starts with a riot. publication in traditional print. This is how Mahmoud puts it: No one cares about us if we stay out of your way, but if we come near you were seen as a burden. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." March 4, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Frau Rosenberg takes Mahmoud aside and tells him the story of her childhood: she is Ruth, Josefs sister. You're awesome. On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, seven Nazi Brownshirts (storm troopers) raid his home. Josef understands himself to be German, and yet the Nazis are trying to take away this aspect of German Jewish peoples identity. Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Log in here. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmouds strands begin to converge. It is called the most deadly conflict of the 21st century thus far, with 250,000 casualties and millions Syrians who have been forced to flee the devastation. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. Josef wonders what this means for (read more from the Pages 74 - 109 Summary). In 1938, his home is raided by Nazi storm troopers, and his father is taken to the Dachau concentration camp. How does each of the characters experience the feeling of fear inRefugeeby Alan Gratz? Mahmoud Bishara is a twelve-year-old boy who lives in Aleppo, Syria in 2015. According to history, most of the St. Louiss passengers had to return to Europe, denied asylum by Cuba and Europe. Source (s) Refugee His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. According to Gratz, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad continues to wage war on his own people. Unlisted storyboards can be shared via a link, but otherwise will remain hidden. The Landaus disembark in France, which gives them some months of respite. Complete your free account to request a guide. The chapter ends as Josef searches for his father and realizes his father has jumped overboard. Josef; his mother, Rachel; and his sister, Ruth, leave for Hamburg, where they are to meet Aaron and sail to Cuba, which is said to be offering asylum to those fleeing Nazi Germany. for a customized plan. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. In one, Josef and his Jewish family flee Nazi Berlin in 1938. 3 Mar. Refugee Summary - eNotes.com After the fall of the Soviet Union, Cuba has become inhospitable for most of its citizens under the regime of Fidel Castro. Struggling with distance learning? If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Book Review - Refugee - Smithtown Library Josefs fathers mental state deteriorates further, and he eventually jumps from the ship, trying to kill himself. Christina Diaz Gonzalez, author of The Red Umbrella and A Thunderous Whisper. Refugee Themes - eNotes.com The St. Louis could not save Josef, just as the Castillos boat could not save Ivn. In the book "Games at Twilight", what details do you notice that show this story is not taking place in the United States? Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Braving extremely choppy and shark-infested waters, the two families make the ninety-mile run to Florida. Josef is 12 years old at the beginning of the book, living in Nazi Germany in 1938, where Jewish people like Josef are treated as "subhuman" and second-class citizens. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. School Library Journal Audiobooks - STARRED REVIEW. Im a big fan of that, and it was executed brilliantly here. In their memory, she decided to make Berlin her home. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. In Isabels journey, Ivn is claimed by sharks, which symbolize the life-taking maw of the ocean. The St. Louis was an actual ship that sailed from Hamburg to Cuba in May, 1939 under the command of Captain Gustav Schrder. He is of average height with brown hair and brown eyes. However, the trouble begins when the ship docks in Havana harbor and the Cuban government does not allow the passengers to disembark. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Berlin. Mahmoud Bishara's story begins in 2015, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War. His mother gives the sailor their tickets and they board the boat. Mahmouds story starts with their apartment building collapsing, due to people rioting because of the civil war going on in Syria. This summary should be accessible to high beginning or low intermediate ENL students. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made. date the date you are citing the material. His father refuses to leave the cabin, thinking the gathering is a Nazi trap. Teachers and parents! After Mahmouds home is destroyed, his brother Waleed, sister Hana, and his parents drive to the border of Turkey, hoping to escape. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. What is the summary of refugee? All storyboards are public and can be viewed and copied by anyone. Chapter 1 Summary: "Josef: Berlin, Germany1938". Refugee (Alan Gratz) - Pages 164 - 215 Summary & Analysis