what is the population in managua? what is the population in managua?

It is a neo-classical monument which consists of a round pedestal, topped by a balustrade surrounding a fountain containing a gondola filled with singing cherubs, and at the center, a pillar topped with a statue of Daro dressed in a Roman tunic protected by an angel. ), cordobas (NIO) per US dollar -35.171 (2021 est. It gained its current prominence primarily because of its position . The country's railroads fell into disrepair during the 1980s. As stated before Managua only has two seasons, the dry and the rainy. [6] The city also serves as the seat of Managua Department. Managua boasts a vibrant night life. ), total: 27.3 yearsmale: 26.4 yearsfemale: 28.2 years (2020 est. The city has a population of roughly 1,800,000, composed predominantly of mestizos and whites; making it the second most populous city in Central America after Guatemala City. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Managua is the capital city of Nicaragua. The museum is located in west Managua in the Acahualinca neighborhood. There are two possible origins for the name "Managua". )consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est. The Santo Domingo de Guzmn Museum is an anthropology museum. At the time, Managua's limited resources had to be directed to other disaster relief purposes. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Nicaraguan aid to leftist rebels in El Salvador prompted the US to sponsor anti-Sandinista contra guerrillas through much of the 1980s. Compared to western prices, alcoholic beverages, theater visits and cinema tickets are relatively inexpensive. Upon the completion of its construction, the New Cathedral generated controversy among tourists and locals because of its bland and dull appearance. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Many different types of trees, some of which are not found elsewhere in the world, appear, including chilamates, ceibos, pochotes, genzaros, tigilotes, royal palms, piuelas and madroos (Nicaragua's national tree) surround the city. )forest: 25.3% (2018 est. [38] The city is also home to many communities of immigrants and ex-pats from countries including but not limited to Taiwan, China, Germany, the United States, Palestine, and Latin American countries. Today, it houses the National Archive, the National Library, as well as the National Museum which is open to the public. The Nicaraguan Revolution of 1979 to overthrow the Somoza regime and the 11-year-long Contra War of the 1980s further devastated the city and its economy. Since 2000, Nicaraguan emigration to Costa Rica has slowed and stabilized. Managua, city, capital of Nicaragua, lying amid small crater lakes on the southern shore of Lake Managua. In 1950, the population of Managua was 109,903. It was commissioned by President Juan Bautista Sacasa in 1935 and built by architect Pablo Dambach, who also built the St. James Cathedral. ), improved: urban: 97.5% of populationrural: 62.6% of populationtotal: 83.2% of populationunimproved: urban: 2.5% of populationrural: 37.4% of populationtotal: 16.8% of population (2020 est. [24] About 18 percent of Nicaragua's total budget is invested in primary, secondary and higher education. Transportation infrastructure has grown outside of Managua and other Pacific coast cities and departments in recent years. The population of Managua; Since a population census has not currently been carried out, the estimate provided by the National Institute for Development Information INIDE is used, which estimates that by 2021. Web. )permanent crops: 2.5% (2018 est. Located on the southwestern shores of Lake Nicaragua, Managua has been the capital of Nicaragua since the 1800's. The largest city in Nicaragua in both population and size, Managua was originally a sleepy rural fishing community. Managua and Puerto Cabezas, located in the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region are also connected via road. This highway is commonly referred to as the Northern Highway. Thousands of people attend this event which involves dancing, eating, drinking and the marching of musical bands, mainly for traditions that date back to pre-colonial times, or to ask for personal miracles, make promises, or give thanks to the saint. )$3.212 billion (31 December 2020 est. It is home to many factories which produce diverse products. Nicaragua is located in Central America, sharing a border with Honduras and Costa Rica. The metro would serve important locales, such as the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport and continue service to Ciudad Sandino. Fitch rating: B- (2018)Moody's rating: B3 (2020)Standard & Poors rating: B- (2018)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. [47], The Rubn Daro National Theatre is Nicaragua's most important theater, and is one of the most modern theaters in Central America. 0-14 years: 24.16% (male 784,847/female 751,616)15-64 years: 69.36% (male 2,134,871/female 2,276,522)65 years and over: 6.48% (2023 est.) However, with support of the FIFA, the first national soccer stadium in Managua is under construction.[46]. / Nicaragua", "Central American Countries of the Future 2005/2006", "Hoy inaugurarn moderno observatorio astronmico", "Latin American Business School Ranking (2005)", "Wall Street Journal/Harris Interactive Business School Survey", "Universidad Thomas More Profesionales de Primera", "Universidad Centroamericana UCA de Nicaragua", "La Prensa, El Diario de los Nicaraguenses Noticias Economia", "Tourism Observer: NICARAGUA: Managua, Travel On Chicken Buses, Homosexuality Not Illegal Hence No Jail Sentence", "Miss Nicaragua, una historia accidentada", "Sobre Managua: Cultura y Turismo [Fiestas Patronales de Managua]", "Concluyen fiestas patronales de la capital nicaragense", "National Stadi Rubn Daro National Theater", "Monumento al General Augusto Cesar Sandino", "National Stadium: Baseball matches and more", "Nicaragua Briefs: Obando's New Cathedral Off to a Strange Start", "Central America takes harder line against gangs", "Drugs & Crime; Gang Profile: Mara Salvatrucha", "The case of Managua's District V: Disinformation, prudence or something else? There is also a park dedicated to the Guatemalan writer Miguel ngel Asturias. Nicaragua is thus the 17th biggest country in the Americas and in terms of area ranked 98th worldwide. )biomass and waste: 17.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Official name: Republic of Nicaragua Capital city: Managua Population: 6,203,441 Area: 130,370 sq km Major languages: Spanish, Miskito Time zone: UTC-6 (Central Time Zone) (Source: CIA World Fact Book) Interesting facts about Nicaragua. It survived the 1972 earthquake. Some of the larger television channels include: Canal 2, Telenica, Canal 10, Canal 15 (100% Noticias), and several others. )proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est. Carretera unir a Bluefields con Nueva Guinea. There is a large established local market system that caters to the majority of Nicaraguans. nos United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035. Capital and largest city is Managua, almost one quarter of the country's population lives in the city. If you use our chart images on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. In 2007, after a successful literacy campaign, Managua was declared by the Mayor of Managua and the Sandinista party newspaper to be the first capital city in Central America to be rid of illiteracy. Nicaragua, located in Central America, may have been inhabited from as long ago as 8,000 years.Evidence of one of the Americas' earliest human . Inside the National Palace of Culture is the National Museum, containing archeological finds with some examples of pre-Columbian pottery, statues, and other findings. Annual Weather Averages Near Managua. Nearby is the Monument to Sandino which is a silhouette of Augusto C. Sandino, one of Nicaragua's national heroes. ), total population: 75.05 yearsmale: 72.84 yearsfemale: 77.36 years (2023 est. [18] There are cinemas in all major shopping centers; screening both English- and Spanish-language films. The reserve is located within Managua's city limits, and is a tourist attraction. Managua is the home of most national broadcasting television channels as well as the major national newspapers. Critics pointed to the fact that buildings of particular importance, especially those of colonial heritage, were painted in bright colors. les, Yo ______me_______ doy de comer a mis perros dos veces al da. A road from the river port city of El Rama to Pearl Lagoon, located in the South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region, was completed in 2007. Managua Population: (2023 est.) If you use our datasets on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. 2010. Nicaraguan bus companies, often referred to as Chicken Buses, serve both urban and rural areas to remedy the lack of sufficient infrastructure that plagues these towns or villages. note: data are in current year dollars$5.939 billion (2020 est.) The population reached 937,489 in 2005, with more than 1.2 million people in the metropolitan area, representing one-fourth of the total population of Nicaragua. ms que note: data are in current year dollars$5.714 billion (2019 est.) Tiscapa Lagoon, located within the Tiscapa Lagoon Natural Reserve is just south of Managua's Historical Center. For other uses, see. The temperature varies from 72F (22.2C) at night to 86F (30C) during the daytime. There are numerous radio stations in Managua, some of which tend to have political, social, or religious affiliations. Located on Lake Managua's southwestern shores, Managua is the capital and the most populated city in Nicaragua. [14], Managua is located on the southern shores of Lake Managua, also known as Lake Xolotln. hombres aqu (ac) leen el diario. )31.553 (2018 est. Although promoting or practicing homosexuality was illegal in Nicaragua,[44] there is a modest gay social scene in Managua. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 1,528,816 tons (2010 est. Baseball is by far Nicaragua's most popular sport, followed by soccer and boxing. The airport used to serve as the hub for the Nicaragenses de Aviacin airline, which was bought by TACA Airlines the El Salvador national airline, that bought all of the airlines in Central America. [citation needed]. Aquellos [8] The ancient footprints of Acahualinca are 2,100-year-old fossils[9] discovered along the shores of Lake Managua. These booming locales have been of concern to the government because of their close proximity to Lake Managua. Between 1852 and 1930, Managua underwent extensive urbanization, becoming a base of governance, infrastructure and services. It produces a variety of small manufactures, including processed meat, furniture, metal, and textiles, and it has an oil refinery. In 1991, there were 110 gangs in Managua. Independence from Spain was declared in 1821 and the country became an independent republic in 1838. Founded in 1819, Managua became the national capital in 1852. The airport, known as Aeropuerto Sandino or MGA to locals, serves as the primary hub for connections at both domestic and international levels. These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects. The Pacific coast of Nicaragua was settled as a Spanish colony from Panama in the early 16th century. Spain ruled Nicaragua and many countries in Central and South America during the 16th century until the early 19th century.. Nicaragua gained its independence from Spain in 1821 and became part of the Mexican empire for several years. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2020 est. )0.6% of GDP (2020 est. ), $11.674 billion (2019 est. The Nicaraguan capital has had an ascending population clearly registered in the censuses since 1971, with an initial population of 384,904 for that year, which has increased to 908,892 for the year 2005. In 197879 it was the scene of general strikes against the government of Anastasio Somoza Debayle and of heavy fighting, particularly in the slum areas held by Sandinista rebels. The city is surrounded by rich agricultural lands devoted primarily to the cultivation of coffee, cotton, and corn (maize). 1950 110,000. 2011. Hence, Managua was officially selected as the nation's capital in 1852.[10]. A new sewer system and the redirecting of waste water to a new waste water treatment plant at Las Mercedes funded by the German government to decontaminate the lake is expected to be the largest in Central America and was inaugurated in 2009. New private courts have played a big role in the promotion of amateur games and tournaments. [23] In 2014, the Neil Armstrong Observatory was completed in Managua. There are four main highways that lead into Managua. It also serves as the capital of the Managua Department of the country. )$496.7 million (2020 est. GENEVA (2 March 2023) - Widespread human rights violations that amount to crimes against humanity are being committed against civilians by Nicaragua's Government for political reasons, the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua said in a new report that calls for the international community to impose sanctions on institutions or individuals involved. 3.1 million C. 3 million D. 1.3 million Other universities are the Central American University (1961), the Polytechnical University of Nicaragua (1968; university status 1976), the National University of Engineering (1983), the American University (1992), and Redemptoris Mater Catholic University of Nicaragua (1992). More than 300,000 Nicaraguans returned from abroad bringing their expertise and needed capital. ), production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. menos de ), sugar cane, milk, rice, maize, plantains, groundnuts, cassava, beans, coffee, poultry, food processing, chemicals, machinery and metal products, knit and woven apparel, petroleum refining and distribution, beverages, footwear, wood, electric wire harness manufacturing, mining, agriculture: 31%industry: 18%services: 50% (2011 est. Managua's most famous festival is that of its patron saint Santo Domingo de Guzmn. Salsa dancing is a national pastime. ), forest revenues: 1.26% of GDP (2018 est. In 2006, after the Sandinista National Liberation Front came back into power, literacy, health and reconstruction programs were expanded. )wine: 0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )spirits: 2.1 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. ), $6.617 billion (2021 est.) The stadium was named in honor of Nicaragua's first baseball player to play in Major League Baseball. . This also tends to be true for cities and towns that are served or are in close distance with the freeways. Managua is home to the basketball team Costa Caribe. The lakeshore is at an altitude of 55 meters (180 feet) above sea level, and the city climbs as it gets towards the Sierras de Managua further south where it is over 700 meters (2,297 feet) above sea level. Managua is part of the Union of Ibero-American Capital Cities[71] from 12 October 1982 establishing brotherly relations with the following cities: This article is about the capital city of Nicaragua. [62] El Rama is connected by highway to Managua. Based on weather reports collected during 1985-2015. Political turmoil, civil war, and natural disasters from the 1970s through the 1990s dramatically increased the flow of refugees and permanent migrants seeking jobs, higher wages, and better social and healthcare benefits. [64] The airport was remodeled by architect Roberto Sansn[65] and has now been converted into one of the region's most modern airports. The city has railroad and highway connections with the Pacific port of Corinto and with the cities of Len and Granada. Since the late 1990s and early 2000, many casinos and karaoke bars opened and have remained popular attractions for Nicaraguans and foreign visitors. Notable landmarks include Daro Park, with its monument to Nicaraguas famed poet Rubn Daro; the National Palace; the 20th-century cathedral; the Carlos Fonseca Memorial; and the Tower of Democracy. This event is celebrated with parades, floats, live music, food and dancing as well as the march of the Carnival Queen. Britain occupied the Caribbean Coast in the first half of the 19th century, but gradually ceded control of the region in subsequent decades. At the time of its construction in the late 1960s, it was the most modern stadium in Central America. Managua's location between the rival cities of Len and Granada made it a logical and . The airport is located near the northern highway and is about 11 kilometers (6.8mi) east of the city's downtown. Managua features four smaller crater lakes or lagoons within city limits. Features of Managua It has a population of 2.20 million according to 2016 data. It has a population of over 6.1 million. me )imports: 434 million kWh (2019 est. Backlinks from other websites and blogs are the lifeblood of our site and are our primary source of new traffic. Independence from Spain was declared in 1821 and the country became an independent republic in 1838. Image showing to men readi [12] Managua had become Central America's most developed city. During the dry season the countryside gets dull and even dusty. [60] In 2003, the National Police of Nicaragua recognized gangs committed only 0.51% of all crimes. March 3, 2023, 8:54 AM PST / Source: Reuters. Today roughly 300,000 Nicaraguans are permanent residents of Costa Rica - about 75% of the foreign population - and thousands more migrate seasonally for work, many illegally. [26] According to a study done by Amrica Economa INCAE ranked as the number one business school in Latin America in 2004 and 2005[27] and ranked in the top ten international business schools by The Wall Street Journal in 2006.[28]. This country consists of an area of 50,193 square miles. Several earthquakes have affected the city's growth, especially the 1931 earthquake and the 1972 earthquake, but the city has been rebuilt several times. There has been growing amateur interest in little football or "futbolin" among teens and adults. [citation needed], The President of Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega, was presented with a plan to revitalize the city center. Managua is getting a tourist-friendly makeover that has breathed bright new life into the once forlorn downtown area and spruced up the lakeshore promenade with shiny new attractions. 11/05/2011, Last edited on 22 February 2023, at 02:02, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Institute of History of Nicaragua and Central America, Liga Centroamericana de clubes de baloncesto, Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, "Managua en el Tiempo: La "Novia del Xolotln", "Resurge el centro de Managua en busca de su antiguo esplendor", Proyecto NIC10-59044: Promocin de un Transporte Ambientalmente Sostenible para Managua Metropolitana, "Deadly history of earthquakes: 23 December 1972", ENACAL - Ms Aguas y Saneamientos 2007-2010, "Topic 4: Megaproject to Clean up Lake Managua Begins", Nicaragua inaugurates $86 million treatment plan to clean up Lake Managua, "Klimatafel von Managua (Int. After winning the presidential election in 1990, the National Opposition Union began the reconstruction of Managua began in earnest. The construction of a new sewer system and the redirecting of waste water to a new water treatment plant at Las Mercedes in Eastern Managua in May 2009 relieved old concerns over water pollution and native wildlife, and brought some residents closer to the old city center and the rest of the mainland. At the same time, the city is served by the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport, the country's primary international gateway, and regional Los Brasiles airport and Punta Huete military air base, recently renewed. It is also the largest city in Nicaragua. [41], During the Santo Domingo festival some people cover themselves in a mix of grease and motor oil to pay promises to the saints while others wear masks and costumes.[42]. )investment in inventories: 1.7% (2017 est. The two airlines most popular with KAYAK users for flights from Managua to New York are Avianca and Copa Airlines. There's a different slogan or theme every year. The Augusto C. Sandino International Airport (formerly Managua International Airport) is the largest and only international airport in Nicaragua. Group of answer choices [55] The New Cathedral was built to replace the Old Cathedral downtown that had been damaged during the 1972 earthquake. After losing free and fair elections in 1990, 1996, and 2001, former Sandinista President Daniel ORTEGA was elected president in 2006, 2011, 2016, and most recently in 2021. )other: 32.5% (2018 est. Managua serves as the company's hub, with buses departing from Managua to San Jos, Costa Rica, Tegucigalpa, San Salvador and Choluteca. in 2017). [63] Traveling by airplane is more efficient than traveling by these roads due to the poor conditions, especially in the rainy season. Both national and international artists present shows, concerts, exhibitions, and cultural performances such as El Gegense among many others. The Doctor Roberto Incer Barquero Library, located in Managua, is designated to promote Nicaraguan culture. The National Library holds a great amount of volumes and affords abundant bibliographic information about the discovery and independence of Nicaragua. The metro area population of Managua in 2022 was 1,083,000, a 0.93% increase from 2021. 7/20/1979-Managua, Nicaragua-Members of the 5-man junta of the Sandinista provisional government wave from the top of a fire truck as they enter the main square in downtown Managua. ), -2.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est. This is Managua's moment and here are the best things to see and do in the city. ), 5.96% (2021 est. )methane emissions: 6.46 megatons (2020 est. Much of Managua was rebuilt after 1931, when it was ravaged by earthquake and fire. ), conventional long form: Republic of Nicaraguaconventional short form: Nicaragualocal long form: Republica de Nicaragualocal short form: Nicaraguaetymology: Nicarao was the name of the largest indigenous settlement at the time of Spanish arrival; conquistador Gil GONZALEZ Davila, who explored the area (1622-23), combined the name of the community with the Spanish word "agua" (water), referring to the two large lakes in the west of the country (Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua), name: Managuageographic coordinates: 12 08 N, 86 15 Wtime difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: may derive from the indigenous Nahuatl term "mana-ahuac," which translates as "adjacent to the water" or a site "surrounded by water"; the city is situated on the southwestern shore of Lake Managua, 15 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 2 autonomous regions* (regiones autonomistas, singular - region autonoma); Boaco, Carazo, Chinandega, Chontales, Costa Caribe Norte*, Costa Caribe Sur*, Esteli, Granada, Jinotega, Leon, Madriz, Managua, Masaya, Matagalpa, Nueva Segovia, Rio San Juan, Rivas, history: several previous; latest adopted 19 November 1986, effective 9 January 1987amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or assent of at least half of the National Assembly membership; passage requires approval by 60% of the membership of the next elected Assembly and promulgation by the president of the republic; amended several times, last in 2021, civil law system; Supreme Court may review administrative acts, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: no, except in cases where bilateral agreements existresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years, chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)election results: 2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%, description: unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (92 statutory seats, current 91; 70 members in multi-seat constituencies, representing the country's 15 departments and 2 autonomous regions, and 20 members in a single nationwide constituency directly elected by party-list proportional representation vote; up to 2 seats reserved for the previous president and the runner-up candidate in the previous presidential election; members serve 5-year terms)elections: last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FSLN 75, PLC 10, ALN 2, APRE 1, PLI 2, YATAMA 1; composition - men 45, women 46, percent of women 50.6%, highest court(s): Supreme Court or Corte Suprema de Justicia (consists of 16 judges organized into administrative, civil, criminal, and constitutional chambers)judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges elected by the National Assembly to serve 5-year staggered termssubordinate courts: Appeals Court; first instance civil, criminal, and labor courts; military courts are independent of the Supreme Court, Alliance for the Republic or APRE [Carlos CANALES]Alternative for Change or AC (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Orlando Jose TARDENCILLA]Autonomous Liberal Party or PAL [Rene Margarito BELLO ROMERO]Caribbean Unity Movement or PAMUC [Armando Francisco ARISTA FLORES]Christian Unity Party or PUC (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Guillermo Daniel ORTEGA REYES]Citizens for Liberty or CxL [Carmella ROGERS AUMBURN]; note - barred from participating in the presidential election by the Supreme Electoral Council on 6 August 2021Conservative Party or PC [Alfredo CESAR Aguirre]Democratic Restoration Party or PRD [Saturnino CERRATO]; note - canceled by the Supreme Electoral Council on 18 May 2021Independent Liberal Party or PLI [Mario ASENSIO]Liberal Constitutionalist Party or PLC [Maria Haydee OSUNA]Moskitia Indigenous Progressive Movement or MOSKITIA PAWANKA (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Wycliff Diego BLANDON]Multiethnic Indigenous Party or PIM (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Carla Elvis WHITE HODGSON]Nationalist Liberal Party or PLN (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Constantino Raul VELASQUEZ]Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance or ALN [Alejandro MEJIA Ferreti]Nicaraguan Party of the Christian Path or CCN [Guillermo OSORNO]Nicaraguan Resistance Party or PRN (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Julio Cesar BLANDON SANCHEZ]Sandinista National Liberation Front or FSLN [Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra]Sandinista Renovation Movement or MRS [Suyen BARAHONA Cuan]; note - canceled by the Supreme Electoral Council on 21 June 2008; in January 2021, they rebranded and now call themselves Democratic Renovation Union or UNAMOSSons of Mother Earth or YATAMA [Brooklyn RIVERA]The New Sons of Mother Earth Movement or MYATAMARAN (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Osorno Salomon COLEMAN], BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Francisco Obadiah CAMPBELL Hooker (since 28 June 2010)chancery: 1627 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009telephone: [1] (202) 939-6570; [1] (202) 939-6573FAX: [1] (202) 939-6545consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, chief of mission: Ambassador Kevin K. SULLIVAN (since 14 November 2018)embassy: Kilometer 5.5 Carretera Sur, Managuamailing address: 3240 Managua Place, Washington DC 20521-3240telephone: [505] 2252-7100,FAX: [505] 2252-7250email address and website: ACS.Managua@state.govhttps://ni.usembassy.gov/, three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on the top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; the banner is based on the former blue-white-blue flag of the Federal Republic of Central America; the blue bands symbolize the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, while the white band represents the land between the two bodies of waternote: similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band, turquoise-browed motmot (bird); national colors: blue, white, name: "Salve a ti, Nicaragua" (Hail to Thee, Nicaragua)lyrics/music: Salomon Ibarra MAYORGA/traditional, arranged by Luis Abraham DELGADILLOnote: although only officially adopted in 1971, the music was approved in 1918 and the lyrics in 1939; the tune, originally from Spain, was used as an anthem for Nicaragua from the 1830s until 1876, total World Heritage Sites: 2 (both cultural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Ruins of Len Viejo; Len Cathedral, low-income Central American economy; until 2018, nearly 20 years of sustained GDP growth; recent struggles due to COVID-19, political instability, and hurricanes; significant remittances; increasing poverty and food scarcity since 2005; sanctions limit investment, $38.628 billion (2021 est.