the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet

As a result, the White person may give a good excuse to avoid such awkward situations. c. the social-responsibility norm. Scapegoat Theory: . Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007). Groupthink: . This best illustrates. In general, those high in SDO have a strong belief in work ethicthat hard work always pays off and leisure is a waste of time. ethnocentrism . If people do not want to invite Margaret on vacation because they fear that she will move too slowly (a common view of older people) then they are discriminating against her. a. Chinese people tend to look pretty much alike. Experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar. How can people learn to get along with people who seem different from them? Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. They are excited on the morning of the competition because they both believe that their team is going to win since they are the better team. a. cognitive dissonance. For example, authoritarian leaders tend to allocate more national resources to members of their own tribe, religious sect, or political party. There are also lots of stereotypes regarding each race. Just 80 years ago, American college students unabashedly thought Turkish people were cruel, very religious, and treacherous (Katz & Braly, 1933). At another end of the spectrum are homeless people and drug addicts, stereotyped as not having good intentions (perhaps untrustworthy) and likewise being incompetent (unable) to do anything useful. She goes against the common idea of older adults as being weak or unhealthy. Table 12.2 The Collective Self-Esteem Scale. 3. a special and definite purpose in a novel or other literary work. Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias, The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias: just-world phenomenon e. Essentialism. hide 31 types. Discrimination is a behavior bias against a person (or group) based on stereotyped beliefs about that group. What connection has been found in experiments exploring self-image and prejudice? Finally, the tendency to categorize can be associated with discrimination. The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. Only when research participants were informed that a woman was raped did they perceive the woman's behavior as inviting rape. View quiz 5 psych 312.docx from PSYCH 312 at Liberty University. c. social facilitation. c. young adults tend to prefer the same kinds of music. Twenty Wallonians were arrested for nonviolent crimes, whereas 20 Pireaneans were arrested for violent crimes. c. animals can be bred for aggressiveness. Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive. The tendency to favor an idea, person, or thing over another is known as Multiple Choice rebuttal. Social dominance orientation (SDO) describes a belief that group hierarchies are inevitable in all societies and are even a good idea to maintain order and stability (Sidanius & Pratto, 1999). The tendency of people to believe that one gets what one deserves and deserves what one gets is called: In Harber's (1998) study, poorly written essays received high ratings if participants were led to believe they were written by Black students rather than White students. Early. Boy scout experiment- created conflict and then used superordinate goals to override it, woman whose murder in front of witnesses led to research on bystander effect, Los Infinitivos -AR de Descubre 1: Parte 1, Los Infinitivos -AR de Descubre 1: Parte 2, 01: History of PsychPeople (Unit 1 Review), Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson. Another case in which people judge other members of the ingroup very negatively occurs when a member of one's own group behaves in a . This way of perceiving and making . Joie, age 19, is a Black female university sophomore. C) a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. According to Lyons et al. 2. Her explanation for the accident provides and example of. Mr. Wong, a high school teacher, tells his class that he thinks boys tend to be less anxious and, thus, give better speeches than girls. Meta-analysis of predictive validity. (Mob Mentality), The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. Devine, P. G. (1989). Outgroup bias is the tendency to dislike or belittle members of groups that we don't identify with. Psychology. An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. Do you know more people from different kinds of social groups than your parents did? Categories . "teachers" actually seemed to enjoy shocking the "learners.". 1. Other-race Effect: Definition. Group-serving bias (or ultimate attribution error). Next, categorization can also lead to prejudice. This best illustrates the value of, Sharing household chores ranks high on a list of things people associate with successful marriages. What is a FALSE statement regarding the research on microaggressions. Social identity theory (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971) describes this tendency to favor one's own in-group over another's outgroup. The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group: Term. It was used in the context of the last major effort by electric utilities . For example, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes, adjusting ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard, influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval, influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality, stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others, the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable, the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity, the enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. D) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. This is an especially useful way to measure potential biases because it does not simply ask people to openly report on the extent to which they discriminate against others. a. amygdala Narcissism is the tendency to view one's own culture or group as superior to others is a false statement. _____ refers to the tendency to view the world through one's own cultural filters.a) Conservatism b) Relativism c) Ethnocentrism d) Ableism ANS: c A-head: Culture and Intergroup Relations REF: 363 Feedback: Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view the world through one's own cultural filters. The tendency for people to believe the world is Just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. Social comparison and social identity: Some prospects for intergroup behaviour. Ingroup bias is the tendency to favor and support individuals who belong to groups we identify with. Under the proper circumstances, most people can suppress their natural aggressiveness. As a result, outgroup disliking stems from this in-group liking (Brewer & Brown, 1998). Unfortunately, even when some countries have created legal protections, they thought that equality applied to only select groups. The girls' belief best illustrates: Daniel does not get the desired salary hike during his annual appraisal. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.). As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Examined the impact of social roles and authority on behavior with his famous Stanford Prison experiment. The tenency to favor our own group: Term. Most people also identify as members of certain groups but not others. B) become more extreme in their opinions following group discussion. QUESTION 23 The tendency to apply one's own cultural values in judging the behavior and beliefs of people raised in other cultures is known as cultural relativism cultural universalism ethnocentrism egocentrism QUESTION 24 Foraging societies practice what . a. the bystander effect. "Oh, very good," Judge Matsumoto . This experiment was designed to study the factors that contribute to, The affectionate attachment that keeps a relationship going after passionate feelings cool is known as, Natasha and Dimitri have a fulfilling marital relationship because they readily confide their deepest hopes and fears to each other. Where slavery was practiced, prejudice ran strong. Being audience-centered means a speaker must sacrifice what she or he really believes to get a favorable response from . Bodenhausen, G. V., & Peery, D. (2009). For example, the ingroup in most societies is the average citizen, seen as warm and competent. 29 terms. Whereas SDO emphasizes potential economic conflicts, RWA focuses on value conflicts. Receives a utility bill on July 2 totaling $4,560 for services received during June. Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Also called the cross-race effct and the own-race . For example, a person might not have ever been to a Hindu wedding, but their experience of weddings as a general category can help them know what to expect and how to behave. Or even ageist people who feel fond of older adults but, at the same time, view them as incompetent to support themselves and worry about the burden they place on public welfare programs. An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. At its heart, SDO rests on a fundamental belief that the world is tough and competitive with only a limited number of resources. Was the White person right to avoid the situation so that neither person would feel uncomfortable? A tendency to favor one's own group is called: been more racially prejudiced than others. Iceland, for example, guarantees legal equality between men and women. And whether you recognize this favoritism as wrong, this trade-off is relatively automatic (unintended,immediate, and irresistible). This best illustrates, Montel, a White university student, is on academic probation for poor grades. The tendency to favor ones own cultural group over other groups is known as A) elitism. The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable. A) mirror-image perceptions. Female 1: I have my ups and downs just like anybody else. In particular, it is unclear to what extent ingroup favoritism is driven by preferences concerning the welfare of ingroup over outgroup members, vs. beliefs about the behavior of ingroup and outgroup members. d. ingroup bias., Kelly is a Republican and Carlos is a Democrat. First, people are interested in understanding the intentions of others. B) ingroup bias. frustration-aggression principle., The tendency to favor one's own group, the group with whom we share a common identity, is called: a. a social trap. They believe they have good values, rational thoughts, and strengths. Peoples identities are multifaceted, intersecting across gender, race, class, age, region, and more. . self-worth. In-group favoritism is an ambiguous form of bias because it disfavors the outgroup by exclusion. to have power or mastery over. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is sometimes called the ________ gene. b. the mere exposure effect. The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation (external) or the person's disposition (internal). (Extremes). Categories get more complicated when we apply them to humans. ethnocentrism.d. This shows that: The "we" aspect of our self-concept is what social psychologists call: people's motivation to avoid prejudice is internal. How often do you hear people criticizing groups without knowing anything about them? Not all stereotypes of outgroups are all bad. (a) Find the demand functions, x(p,m)x^*(p, m)x(p,m) and y(p,m)y^*(p, m)y(p,m). The jury deliberated on the rape case for over 8 hours. Draw a circle graph with this information. We commonly say that we should not label others but we cannot help but do so. Intergroup bias. The tendency to judge that more crimes were committed by Pireaneans than by Wallonians best illustrates the power of: His reaction most clearly illustrates one of the dynamics involved in, An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the, Two conflicting groups who share the same negative views of one another demonstrate. d. oxytocin. (c) How does the optimal expenditure on the xxx good vary with ppp ? Indicators of aversive racism correlate with discriminatory behavior, despite being the ambiguous result of good intentions gone bad. Most people have a positive view of themselves. where all constants are positive, a(0,1)a \in(0,1)a(0,1). Model: Je vais visiter\ldots Je vais voir\ldots Je vais (faire)\ldots, Search words: myswitzerland.com: une histoire d'eau c. deindividuation. swissworld: saisons This finding is an example of: In Europe, prejudice is often greater among those whose positive self-image is threatened. The IAT measures how quickly you can sort words or pictures into different categories. C) a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. It generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action. a. cognitive dissonance. For example, if two classes of children want to play on the same soccer field, the classes will come to dislike each other not because of any real, objectionable traits about the other group. An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. Discrimination and the implicit association test. For example, if you were asked to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you might quickly categorize it as good. Some of the jurors commented on the rape victim's history of going out to various bars and they said she had been dressed too provocatively; in other words, "looking like that," she had asked to be assaulted. d. father care. Study Resources. Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in: Nestor belongs to the cross-country ski club at his college but is not a member of the downhill ski club. The change in Raul's behavior best illustrates the impact of, A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage, Participants in the Milgram obedience studies were ordered to, Deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers, Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because, The "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted. Tajfel (1979) proposed that the groups (e.g. In some countries, women who have been raped are sometimes sentenced to punishment for having violated a law against adultery. RWA respects group unity over individual preferences, wanting to maintain group values in the face of differing opinions. Devine and her colleagues (2005) note that automatic prejudices subside when ________. These small interactions can have devastating effects on the hopeful interviewees ability to perform well (Word, Zanna, & Cooper, 1974). Indicate the amount of expenses (if any) the firm recognizes during the months of June, July, and August in each of the following hypothetical transactions. We study in-group favouritism and out-group discrimination in a multiplayer dictator game in a naturally occuring group setting. An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them. direction a . maxxa+ysubjecttopx+y=m. Assume that p,q,rp, q, rp,q,r, and sss represent propositions, By understanding this natural human tendency, you can focus on finding ways to cut other people a break and to stop expecting the worst. (1998). (Blame the Victim). D) GRIT. (d) Put a=1/2a=1 / 2a=1/2. Neither realized, however, that Sabina needed the car only in the early evening and that Pablo needed it only in the late evening. swissworld: paysages, Pregntale a otro(a) estudiante qu pide en un restaurante en las siguientes situaciones. For example, someone high in SDO would likely be upset if someone from an outgroup moved into her neighborhood. a. 1. What We categorize people according to their citizenship, gender, allegiance to a sports team, and university affiliation, among other qualities. If someone is in our "ingroup," we are more likely to trust them. Social facilitation refers to the tendency to, Perform well learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others, Expert pool players were observed to make 71 percent of their shots when alone. They have relatively low levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone. Distinguish prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination. What term best describes Elena's behavior? It's awful what the human race can do, even with the way we . Pages 14 c. deindividuation. Verify that U/p=x(p,m)\partial U^* / \partial p=-x^*(p, m)U/p=x(p,m). Although research has shown that people higher in SDO are more likely to be politically conservative, there are other traits that more strongly predict ones SDO. Blatant bias is not a thing of the past, however. Tell your classmates what you will visit and what you will do and see there. This might remind you of self-determination theory, with its focus on autonomy, relatedness, and competence. Greenwald, A. G., Poehlman, T. A., Uhlmann, E. L., & Banaji, M. R. (2009). triangular theory of love. a. more; less For example, by crediting the ingroup for its successes, while blaming external factors for its failures. Women cannot drive. On your way to school one day, ask yourself how many types of vehicles breeze down Main St U.S.A., on the average? Subtle biases (also called automatic or implicit biases) are unexamined and sometimes unconscious, but just as real in their consequences. b. egocentrism.c. Katz, D., & Braly, K. (1933). credibility. Social Sciences. The groups are supporters of two rival political movements in Thailand and politically neutral subjects. Researchers suggested three possible reasons that why watching TV is negatively linked to children's achievement. What was the highest marginal tax rate for married taxpayers in 1970? that most people like women more than men. Thus, those high inSDO see groups as battling each other for these resources, with winners at the top of the social hierarchy and losers at the bottom (see Table 1). Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The jury . Employees were reimbursed when they presented petty cash vouchers to the petty cash custodian. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like True or false: Prejudice definitions can include positive or negative judgments., Prejudice is having a negative attitude toward groups or individuals, whereas _____ is when those attitudes turn into behaviors toward the group or individual., In the context of the world, every race is a: and more. What are the demand functions in this case? Its not that the person high in SDO wants to control what this outgroup member does; its that moving into this nice neighborhood disrupts the social hierarchy the person high in SDO believes in (i.e. The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. Specifically, people see members of an outgroup as more similar to one another in personality than they actually are. tendency: 1 n an inclination to do something Synonyms: leaning , propensity Type of: inclination that toward which you are inclined to feel a liking n an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others "a tendency to be too strict" Synonyms: disposition , inclination Types: show 31 types. More recently, during the COVID-19 pandemic, some people held hostile views of Asian-Americans, who they perceived as being associated with the coronavirus (Misra, Le, Goldmann & Yang, 2020). -cies. These maps of the group terrain predict specific types of discrimination for specific kinds of groups. When it comes to relationships, it is valuable to remember that negative comments usually carry much more weight than positive ones. Then create a word search puzzle using the sentences-without the word as clues. C) a win-win solution. We naturally categorize people by age, language, occupation, ethnicity, income, and many other qualities. Word, C. O., Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. Right-wing authoritarianism, left-wing authoritarianism, and pandemic-mitigation authoritarianism. How is it that entire groups of people were left out of political participation, justice, and freedom? "Them"those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup. c. more; more Individualistic culture is to independent self as collectivistic culture is to _______ self. In other words, ingroup bias denotes positive feelings towards one's ingroup, while outgroup bias denotes negative feelings towards outgroups. Representativeness Heuristic The tendency to make judgments about group membership based on physical appearances or the match between a person and one's stereotype of a group rather than on available base rate information.