most campaign contributions for texas legislature races come from most campaign contributions for texas legislature races come from

249, Sec. At the statewide or legislative level, fines for missed reporting deadlines start at $500. 531, Sec. (a) A candidate may not knowingly accept a campaign contribution or make or authorize a campaign expenditure at a time when a campaign treasurer appointment for the candidate is not in effect. Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole. Feel free to distribute or cite this material, but please credit OpenSecrets. Incorrect answers: 763, Sec. The lieutenant governor is not formally a Senator and cannot vote except in cases of a tie, yet her or she has great power over rah Senate. LIABILITY TO POLITICAL COMMITTEES. 384 (H.B. 1152), Sec. Jan. 1, 1992. Sec. Tech: Matt Latourelle Nathan Bingham Ryan Burch Kirsten Corrao Beth Dellea Travis Eden Tate Kamish Margaret Kearney Eric Lotto Joseph Sanchez. (b) A corporation or labor organization may not knowingly make a contribution authorized by Subsection (a) during a period beginning on the 60th day before the date of a general election for state and county officers and continuing through the day of the election. (b) This section does not apply to a contribution from an out-of-state political committee if the committee appointed a campaign treasurer under Chapter 252 before the contribution was made and is subject to the reporting requirements of Chapter 254. 3233), Sec. (c) A judicial candidate or a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate may not use a political contribution to knowingly make a political contribution to a political committee that, when aggregated with each other political contribution to a political committee in connection with a general election, exceeds $500. 3903), Sec. Sec. Feel free to distribute or cite this material, but please credit OpenSecrets. gifts} & & 20.00 & 11.65\\ 996, Sec. (a) In a reporting period, a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept political contributions totaling more than $500 from an out-of-state political committee unless, before accepting a contribution that would cause the total to exceed $500, the candidate, officeholder, or political committee, as applicable, receives from the out-of-state committee: (1) a written statement, certified by an officer of the out-of-state committee, listing the full name and address of each person who contributed more than $100 to the out-of-state committee during the 12 months immediately preceding the date of the contribution; or. In what way are Texas, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota similar? (b) Notwithstanding Section 253.153, a person to whom this section applies may accept political contributions beginning on the date the person assumes the duties of office and ending on the 60th day after that date. the second resale? After submitting the high bid at 1, eff. (2) the fifth day after the date the contribution is received. \end{array} September 1, 2019. RESTRICTIONS ON CERTAIN PAYMENTS. (i) "Personal use" does not include the use of contributions for: (1) defending a criminal action or prosecuting or defending a civil action brought by or against the person in the person's status as a candidate or officeholder; or. California In what way are Texas, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota similar? 17(7), eff. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sec. September 1, 2019. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 996, Sec. (e-1) This subsection applies only to a political party required to nominate candidates by primary election. Each election year, around how many of the Texas House races face no opposition in the general election? September 28, 2011. A. (b) A political committee may not knowingly accept political contributions totaling more than $500 or make or authorize political expenditures totaling more than $500 at a time when a campaign treasurer appointment for the committee is not in effect. - Bigger states tend to have more lobbyists per capita than smaller states Transparency USA matches the lists of candidates who filed to run for Texas House of Representatives or Texas State Senate in the last two election cycles with records of campaign accounts and affiliated political action committees (PACs). An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. UNLAWFULLY MAKING EXPENDITURE. A state senator that usually considers all options and then chooses the on he or she believes is the best is demonstrating what kind of representational role? (c) A person who violates Subsection (a) commits an offense. Sec. 253.0341. That's $20,000 more than the median Texas. Minors. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. September 1, 2009. SEPARATE ACCOUNTS. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political contribution while in the Capitol or a courthouse to: (3) a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee. (b) A specific-purpose committee that accepts a political contribution may not convert the contribution to the personal use of a candidate, officeholder, or former candidate or officeholder. Which of the following are reasons for forming a political action committee (PAC)? Sept. 1, 1997. 864, Sec. Assume both the Texas House and Senate have passed omnibus transportation bills. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 1, eff. The main function of the Sunset Advisory Commission is to: The House of Senate can override an governors veto with a ______ vote, Closed riders are amendments to an appropriations bill that are, shielded from public inspection until they go to conference committee. RESTRICTIONS ON REIMBURSEMENT OF PERSONAL FUNDS AND PAYMENTS ON CERTAIN LOANS. Texas is near the top of the nation in measures of social connectedness that lead to civic engagement. (f) A person who converts a political contribution to the person's personal use in violation of this section is civilly liable to the state for an amount equal to the amount of the converted contribution plus reasonable court costs. What percentage of the Texas Senate is usually elected during a presidential election year? Sept. 1, 2003. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. | | State of Nature (State of the Economy) | | | They have intimate knowledge of the government process. Incorrect Answer(s) 5.07, eff. For example, Michigan held elections for both chambers (the state Senate and House of Representatives) in 2018, but only for the House in 2020. The contribution limits under this subsection are: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $25,000; or. (a) For purposes of this subchapter, a contribution by the spouse of an individual is not considered to be a contribution by the individual. COMMUNICATION WITH STOCKHOLDERS OR MEMBERS. They are in the best position to educate legislators. 384 (H.B. NONPARTISAN VOTER REGISTRATION AND GET-OUT-THE-VOTE CAMPAIGNS. \text{Expenses} & & \text{Budgeted} & \text{Spent}\\[10pt] 3.93 & 4.22 \\ You are called on to decide how your company should produce its new cell phone screen defroster (for use by skiers and others spending time out of doors in the cold.) LIMIT ON CONTRIBUTION BY GENERAL-PURPOSE COMMITTEES. High turnover rates in Texas Legislature are primarily due to. CONTRIBUTION OR EXPENDITURE IN ANOTHER'S NAME PROHIBITED. campaign contributions 253.1612. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. \text{Entertainment} \\ contributors who live outside the district. Based on data released by the FEC on April 01, 2021. - Of the eleven major types of groups discussed, all contribute more donations to Republicans than Democrats in the Texas legislature. An offense under this section is a felony of the third degree. Those donations have added up, bringing in about $9.7 million for Abbott and $37.8. 1, eff. 253.043. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997. 5(1), eff. Sec. 253.041. Sept. 1, 2003. 3233), Sec. Since Greg Abbott first declared he would run for governor on July 14, 2013, he's raised the equivalent of $83,793 per day to fund his pursuit of power. CONTRIBUTION LIMITS. 1, eff. September 1, 2019. ~~~~~\text{Gasoline purchases} & & 85.00 & 101.70\\ 17(7), eff. 899, Sec. (a) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. June 2, 2019. Incorrect Answer(s) (e) Reasonable attorney's fees incurred in the suit may be awarded to the defendant if judgment is rendered in the defendant's favor. 100% remote. 1329, Sec. 864, Sec. 3.96 & 4.36 \\ running candidates Because of this, individual effects on the Texas political process are likely to be -. contract to purchase real property in Maryland Which of the following are examples of incentives that interest groups use to overcome free rider problems? Why? ~~~~~\text{Parking/tolls} & & 15.00 & 15.00\\[10pt] (f) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. 253.159. Sept. 1, 1993. (b) A payment that is made from a political contribution to a business described by Subsection (a) and that is not prohibited by that subsection may not exceed the amount necessary to reimburse the business for actual expenditures made by the business. UNLAWFULLY MAKING OR ACCEPTING CONTRIBUTION. June 2, 2019. Sept. 1, 1997. What are the qualifications to be eligible to run for the Texas Senate? Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. - Finance, insurance, and real estate interest groups contributed more money than any other interest groups (c) The commission shall post the written certification required by this section on the commission's Internet website. Sept. 1, 1997. June 19, 2009. (j), (k) Repealed by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 5.20, eff. (b) For purposes of this subchapter, the members of the associations specified by Subsection (a) are considered to be stockholders. 62, Sec. 253.034. $$. What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. In what way are Texas, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota similar? June 15, 2017. Match each of the following examples of interest groups to the general types of interest groups that best describe them. 17(2), eff. Sec. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., 1st C.S., Ch. (2) a copy of the out-of-state committee's statement of organization filed as required by law with the Federal Election Commission and certified by an officer of the out-of-state committee. Why? 3903), Sec. 2, eff. (a) A person who knowingly makes or accepts a campaign contribution or makes a campaign expenditure in violation of this chapter is liable for damages as provided by this section. 3, eff. Sec. 1127 (H.B. 1164 (H.B. By delivering each package as fast as possible, regardless of quality One more note: Candidates must provide detailed information (name, address, occupation, employer, and date of contribution) about their donors when the donor gives the candidate more than $90 in a given reporting cycle. 3580), Sec. liable for consequential damages, what is the extent of his liability? The lieutenant governor is not formally a senator and cannot vote except in cases of a tie, yet he or she has a great power over senate. (e) This section does not apply to a political contribution made to the principal political committee of the state executive committee or a county executive committee of a political party that provides goods or services, including political advertising or a campaign communication, to or for the benefit of judicial candidates. 2, eff. (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. 3.75 & 3.89 \\ Correct Answer(s) Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. For purposes of this section, the members of a labor organization are considered to be corporate stockholders. 253.093. Texas ranks among the top 10 when compared to other states in contacting or visiting public officials. What are the two different calendars for minor bills in the Texas state house? 899, Sec. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., 1st C.S., Ch. (b) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. Suppose that the economy's production function is given by $\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{K}^{1 / 3} \mathrm{~N}^{2 / 3}$ and that both the saving rate, $s$, and the depreciation rate, $\delta$, are equal to $0.10$. 3.33 & 3.80 \\ (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder, a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate, or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not knowingly accept a political contribution except during the period: (A) the 210th day before the date an application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention for the office is required to be filed, if the election is for a full term; or, (B) the later of the 210th day before the date an application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention for the office is required to be filed or the date a vacancy in the office occurs, if the election is for an unexpired term; and. 384 (H.B. Directions Read the following questions. | In-house | 150 | 240 | 390 | 1), Sec. Using these suppositions, analyze the Table AMS $10.1$ data and write a report for presentation to the team that indicates your findings. Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from ______. Of the following groups like Democrats, Hispanics, Females, Incumbents, what group benefits the most from gerrymandering? 304, Sec. What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? A) 9 B) 19 C) 29 D) 39 . The 2020 U.S. election cost nearly $14 billion, making it the most expensive campaign in U.S. history, according to projections made by the Center for Responsive Politics . Over 80 percent of campaign donations to candidates for commissioner come from the industries the commission regulates, leading many critics to charge that it has been captured by the interest groups it is supposed to oversee. 2677), Sec. - Sierra Club, Analyze the infographic below, and determine which of the following statements are accurate. In addition to any other expenditure that is considered permissible under this section, a corporation may make an expenditure for the maintenance and operation of a general-purpose committee, including an expenditure for: (1) office space maintenance and repairs; (5) general office and meeting supplies; (6) salaries for routine clerical, data entry, and administrative assistance necessary for the proper administrative operation of the committee; (7) legal and accounting fees for the committee's compliance with this title; (8) routine administrative expenses incurred in establishing and administering a general-purpose political committee; (9) management and supervision of the committee, including expenses incurred in holding meetings of the committee's governing body to interview candidates and make endorsements relating to the committee's support; (10) the recording of committee decisions; (11) expenses incurred in hosting candidate forums in which all candidates for a particular office in an election are invited to participate on the same terms; (12) expenses incurred in preparing and delivering committee contributions; or. June 2, 2019. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. 6, eff. 384 (H.B. In an average legislative session in the Texas legislature, about what percent of all bills introduced will actually be passed into law? Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. (b) A corporation may make political expenditures, including fully or partially matching contributions to an organization that is exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3), Internal Revenue Code of 1986, to finance the solicitation of political contributions to a general-purpose committee assisted under Subsection (a) from the stockholders, employees, or families of stockholders or employees of one or more corporations. Jan. 1, 1992; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. What do interest groups most want from policy makers? The others . ~~~~~\text{Car registration} & &4.33 & 0\\ External Relations: Moira Delaney Hannah Nelson Caroline Presnell (d) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of political contributions used in violation of this section. They are shielded from corruption laws as former legislators. SUBCHAPTER F. JUDICIAL CAMPAIGN FAIRNESS ACT. CERTAIN ASSOCIATIONS COVERED. (a) A candidate or officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for supporting, opposing, or assisting the candidate or officeholder may not knowingly make or authorize a payment from a political contribution if the payment is made for personal services rendered by the candidate or officeholder or by the spouse or dependent child of the candidate or officeholder to: (1) a business in which the candidate or officeholder has a participating interest of more than 10 percent, holds a position on the governing body of the business, or serves as an officer of the business; or. Sign up for our newsletter to track moneys influence on U.S. elections and public policy. 384 (H.B. The numbers from the table below were taken from campaign finance reports for Texas State Senate and Texas House of Representatives candidates from January 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020, and those were compared with reports from the same time period during the 2018 election cycle. "Pete Smith"). - Most campaign donations go to Republicans in the Texas legislature. 2817), Sec. 209 (H.B. The lieutenant governor is not formally a senator and cannot vote except in cases of a ties, yet he or she had great power over the state. \end{array} 253.042. An offense under this subsection is a Class A misdemeanor. 1, eff. The drawing of legislative districts to favor one political party over another is termed: Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from: Each election yer, about ______ of the House members face opposition in the general election, About ____% of the Texas house seats are considered competitive. (b) An expenditure under this section is not reportable under Chapter 254. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 15, eff. 384 (H.B. 2, eff. The date indicated by the post office cancellation mark or the common or contract carrier documents is considered to be the date the contribution was placed in the mail or delivered to the common or contract carrier unless proven otherwise. ~~~~~\text{Pocket Money} & & 60.00 & 72.00\\[10pt] Jan. 1, 1992. Interns wanted: Get paid to help ensure that every voter has unbiased election information. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. Texas ranks last among all the states in voting rates. 253.037. CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES BY LOBBYISTS RESTRICTED. Which of the following descriptions of interest groups are accurate? (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder may not knowingly accept political contributions from a person that, in the aggregate, exceed the contribution limits prescribed by Subsection (b) in connection with each election in which the judicial candidate's name appears on the ballot. September 27, 2019. Sec. (a) A candidate or officeholder who makes political expenditures from the candidate's or officeholder's personal funds may not reimburse those personal funds from political contributions in amounts that in the aggregate exceed the following amounts for each election in which the person's name appears on the ballot: (1) for a statewide office other than governor, $250,000; and. 17(2), eff. (a) For purposes of this subchapter, the following associations, whether incorporated or not, are considered to be corporations covered by this subchapter: banks, trust companies, savings and loan associations or companies, insurance companies, reciprocal or interinsurance exchanges, railroad companies, cemetery companies, government-regulated cooperatives, stock companies, and abstract and title insurance companies. 1, eff. \begin{array}{l c r r} APPLICABILITY OF SUBCHAPTER. Sept. 1, 1995. June 2, 2019. Sec. (c) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. June 2, 2019. (b) This section does not apply to a loan covered by Section 253.096. Sec. 2, eff. 384 (H.B. denial of government benefits that derive from an interest group's lobbying. June 2, 2019. (2) for any other judicial office, $5,000. all answers apply Open revolt began in late 1835 when Texas and Mexican forces fought over -a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas. Incorrect Answer(s) 10, eff. PACs offer greater accountability and transparency. 384 (H.B. June 2, 2019. 1, eff. (b) For purposes of the contribution limits prescribed by Sections 253.155 and 253.157 and the limits on reimbursement of personal funds and repayment of certain loans prescribed by Section 253.162, a runoff election in which the candidate's name is on the ballot is considered a separate election. Sec. June 2, 2019. If the legislature takes the action necessary to . 1087 (H.B. Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 253.091. Suppose that the results were organized in Table AMS 10.1-making each row in the table a pair of values for an individual subscriber. 1, eff. What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure wholly or partly from a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. What is the pay of a member of the Texas legislature, taking into account salary and per diem compensation, in a year that the legislature is in session? Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. June 16, 1995. 3.57 & 4.38 \\ be resold at Simards expense, as required by state law. !function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var e in a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-"+e)||document.querySelector("iframe[src*='"+e+"']");if(t)(t.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][e]+"px")}}))}(); In 2018, 35.76 percent of the total giving came in during the last months before the election. (f) Repealed by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. If a political committee the only principal purpose of which is accepting political contributions and making political expenditures incorporates for liability purposes only, the committee is not considered to be a corporation for purposes of this subchapter. 253.155. September 1, 2011. 1, eff. 4.grassroot organizations. \text{Email Interface} 1 & \text{Email Interface 2} \\ Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. Sept. 1, 2003. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make one or more direct campaign expenditures from its own property for the purpose of communicating directly with its stockholders or members, as applicable, or with the families of its stockholders or members. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. Sept. 1, 2001. What is the term used to describe former legislators who become lobbyists? A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization, 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 3233), Sec. 100% As of 2010 census, there were about 811,147 constituents per state senate districts in Texas. Watch the animation on campaign spending by employees of different industries and determine which of the following statements are accurate. View candidates by campaign cycle to see who has raised the most. Which Founder and author of the Federalist Papers is best known for arguing that "factions" would play an important and useful role in American politics? For example, among the states studied, Florida, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin all held gubernatorial elections alongside their state legislative elections in 2018 but not 2020. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; Communications: Alison Graves Carley Allensworth Abigail Campbell Sarah Groat Caitlin Vanden Boom Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 3580), Sec. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. the process of redrawing district boundaries, seats in both chambers of the Texas Legislature are based on population, The drawing of legislative districts designed to favor a political party would be termed, race can be used so long as it is not the predominate factor. In Texas, the Democratic and Republican parties each maintain two PACs, as they are required to segregate donations from corporations and unions. Sec. June 16, 1995. The Judicial Campaign Fairness Act (Texas Election Code 253.151-176) third party contribution limits restrict PAC contributions to a statewide judicial candidate to $25,000 and contributions to any other judicial candidate to $5,000 unless the contributor (individual or PAC) files a written declaration of intent to exceed these limits. 1, eff. They are willing to work for free. 481 (H.B. Apply today! 2.26, eff. 899, Sec. However, thanks to the Citizens United Supreme. (13) creation and maintenance of the committee's public Internet web pages that do not contain political advertising. Fundamentally, the Supreme Court decisions in Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims were based on what principle? 253.040. 899, Sec. Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. Sept. 1, 1997. & & &\text{Actual}\\ ~~~~~\text{Electric bill} & & 45.00 & 44.35\\ (b) A person may not knowingly accept a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. 3233), Sec. 249, Sec. 9, eff. 17(5), eff. Sec. 253.001. 3233), Sec. Sept. 1, 1997. Public interest group: A Des Moines Register review of two years of campaign finance data shows Republicans have accumulated $1.5 million more than Democrats in candidate contributions and in-kind spending in the. 253.152. (B) the reports required by Subchapter F, Chapter 254, including in the political committee's first report all political contributions accepted and all political expenditures made before the effective date of the campaign treasurer appointment. According to Table 3.6, does the Texas House or Senate have a greater proportion of Safe Republican Seats? -31; 4 -50; 6 -100; 2 -150; 2 and more. A contribution that is received and refused during that period shall be returned to the contributor not later than the 30th day after the date of receipt. CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS BY JUDICIAL CANDIDATES, OFFICEHOLDERS, AND COMMITTEES RESTRICTED. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. Additionally, federal law prohibits the use of contributor information for the purpose of soliciting contributions or for any commercial purpose. A state senator that usually considers all the options and then chooses the one he or she believes is the best is demonstrating the ________ representational role. 253.092. The house and senate can override a governors get with a ___ vote. 2, eff. An out-of-state political committee that does not file reports electronically in another jurisdiction may comply with Section 254.1581, Election Code, by sending a copy of the cover sheets of the report and a copy of each page on which the committee reports a contribution or expenditure accepted or made in connection with a state or local . Incorrect Answer(s) ~~~~~\text{Credit payments} & & 50.00 & 41.74\\ 3233), Sec. (f) A person who violates this section commits an offense. The contribution limits work a little differently for presidential campaigns. 1, eff. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are primarily due to: What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multi-member plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? ~~~~~\text{Furniture} & & 125.00 & 125.00\\ (a) For purposes of the contribution limits prescribed by Section 253.155 or 253.157 and the limit on reimbursement of personal funds and repayment of certain loans prescribed by Section 253.162, the general and primary elections are considered separate elections for a candidate whose name appears on the ballot. Sec. 3.26 & 4.09 \\ Published Nov. 24, 2020. 253.033. As of the 2020 Census, Texas state representatives represented an average of 194,303 residents. Sec. 253.094. An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. (2) ending on the 120th day after the date of the election in which the candidate or officeholder last appeared on the ballot, regardless of whether the candidate or officeholder has an opponent in that election. Correct answers: 2.05, 2.06, eff. e court then ordered a second resale, 253.134. Correct Answer(s) September 1, 2019. a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas June 2, 2019. \text{Food} & & \$160.00 & \$175.70\\ What was the result of the case Hunt v. Cromartie (1999) in terms of political gerrymandering? 253.101. A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization, 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 (c) Repealed by Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. Sept. 1, 1999; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 5.06, eff. But the largest contributions to Romney came via . Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch.