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[26], More tensions rose in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict with a massive influx of Jewish people from the Soviet Union moved to Israel. Delivering research and analysis on the effects of major U.S. fiscal policies. James Baker was the latest in a long line of James Bakers. At one level it narrowly focuses both on verbal commitments made by the US secretary of state James Baker under President George HW Bush and the terms of a treaty signed on 12 September 1990 . In 1981, Baker was named White House Chief of Staff by President Ronald Reagan, in spite of the fact that Baker managed the presidential campaigns of Gerald Ford in 1976 and of George Bush in 1980 opposing Reagan. Baker is the namesake of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University.[2]. When we were talking with him about this, he thought the two-state solution was still the right goal, and that there had to be compromise on both sides to reach a workable and enduring resolution of the issue.. He served as the nation's 61st secretary of state from January 1989 through August 1992 under President George H.W. During the Reagan administration, Baker also served on the Economic Policy Council, where he played an instrumental role in achieving the passage of the administration's tax and budget reform package in 1981. James Addison Baker, III, was born April 28, 1930, into a wealthy Houston, Texas, family. [36] In June 2004, he resigned from this position, frustrated over the lack of progress in reaching a complete settlement acceptable to both the government of Morocco and the pro-independence Polisario Front. War. Also in 1993, the Enron Corporation hired Baker as a consultant within a month of his departure from the White House, and Enron said that Baker would have an opportunity to invest in any projects he developed. Peter Baker told Haaretz that the secretary of state tried to explain at the time that he didnt actually say Fuck the Jews, but it got little traction and at some point he decided it was just better to move on. Doubleday; 720 pages; $35. The conference is covered extensively in the book, ending with a quote by James Baker telling his close aides he would like to move even further on the peace process after helping Bush win reelection. Also, his son William Winston, though not as yet called up, was in the Army Special Forces. Rising from a comfortable beginning, James A. Baker, III took his Endowment gifts provide the Baker Institute with permanent resources that support research programs, fellows and scholars. [39] When the U.S. occupation of Iraq began in 2003 he was one of the Bush administration's first choices to direct the Coalition Provisional Authority, but he was deemed too old. Its ironic that James Bakers criticism of settlements, and his confrontations with Shamir and Netanyahu, led to accusations of hostility toward Jews, when in reality its evangelicals who have moved the Republican Party away from his positions on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. James Baker III was born on April 28, 1930 in Houston, Texas, USA. His son, James A. Baker, Jr., served in World War II, became a lawyer in the family firm and continued the Baker commitment to Rice. Heather Paul, executive director of the National Safe Kids Coalition, said the accident should make people aware of the dangers posed by whirlpools and other home recreational pools. After Reagan won the election, he appointed Baker White House chief of staff, a post that Baker filled until he was made secretary of the Treasury in 1985. Israel, a country Baker visited countless times during his four years as President George H.W. Haaretz Daily Newspaper Ltd. All Rights Reserved, the fight in Congress over the loan guarantees. James A. Baker III '52: A Tribute to George Shultz '42 first appeared in the December 2021 issue of the Princeton Alumni Weekly. In 2003, Baker was appointed special presidential envoy for President George W. Bush on the issue of Iraqi debt. Secretary Baker made clear to us that he thinks President Trump has leaned too heavily in one direction when it comes to Middle East peace, Peter Baker told Haaretz. Baker is the son of former Secretary of State, James Baker. Delegate hunter, campaign manager, White House chief of staff, treasury secretary, and secretary of state, James Addison Baker III played a leading role in some of the most critical junctures in modern American history. He remained in the Marine Corps Reserve until 1958, and rose to the rank of captain. In 1981, Baker was named White House Chief of Staff by President Ronald Reagan, in spite of the fact that Baker managed the presidential campaigns of Gerald Ford in 1976 and of George Bush in 1980 opposing Reagan. One thing that becomes clear while reading Baker and Glassers book is how much the Republican Partys stances on Israel and the Middle East have changed since the days of James Baker. Bakers grandson, was born in 1930 to the wealthy Baker family and attended Princeton University. Its a quote that has haunted former U.S. Secretary of State James Baker for almost three decades. Two weeks later still more settlements were announced, the authors write. United States Under Secretary of Commerce, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration, Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, Learn how and when to remove this template message, James A. Baker III Institute of Public Policy, Virginia Graeme Baker Pool And Spa Safety Act, "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Addison Baker III", City of Houston: Procedures for Historic District Designation, "James A. Baker III Papers, 1957-2011, bulk 1972/1992", "Pittsburgh Businessman Ford Treasury Nominee", "President Ford Wednesday Nominated Edward O. Vetter of Dallas, Tex., to be undersecretary of commerce", "James Baker: President Maker [documentary]", "Phil Gailey and Warren Weaver, Jr., "Briefing", "National Winners | public service awards | Jefferson Awards.org", "Russia, Ukraine and the doomed 30-year quest for a post-Soviet order", James Baker: The Man Who Made Washington Work, "How to Block the Palestine Statehood Ploy", "Splitting the Difference: The Palestinian-Israeli Policy of James Baker", "AFTER THE WAR: DIPLOMACY; Baker and Syrian Chief Call Time Ripe for Peace Effort", "Baker resigns as UN mediator after seven years", "Baker surfaces as key adviser to Bush on Iraq", "Bush appoints Baker envoy on Iraqi debt", "U.S. and Iraqi Forces Clash With Sadr Militia in South", "The Private Trump Angst of a Republican Icon", "The Conservative Case for Carbon Dividends", "Guide to the Baker Family papers, 1853-1971 MS 040", "Former Secretary of state pushes for hot tub safety standards", "Former Secretary of State James Baker speaks in support of legislation intended to prevent accidental drowning", "Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act", During lockdown, comics Rosebud Baker and Andy Haynes have gotten sick and engaged, plus hosted a surreal podcast, "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement", "Gen. Colin L. Powell Biography and Interview", James Addison Baker Papers at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University, James A. Baker III Oral History Collection at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University. State of Denial, a book by investigative reporter Bob Woodward, says that White House Chief of Staff, Andrew Card, urged President Bush to replace Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld with Baker following the 2004 election. Baker was portrayed in the film by British actor Tom Wilkinson. In 1973, Baker and Susan Garrett Winston, a divorcee and a close friend of Mary Stuart, were married. Amidst the growing support of Saddam Hussein in Palestine, due to his opposition toward Israel, and his invasion of Kuwait, and the beginning of the Gulf War, Baker decided that he would make some moves towards developing communications between Israel and Palestine. Baker served as Fords campaign manager that year and went on to direct Bushs campaign for the presidential nomination in the Republican primaries of 1980. Everybody over there should know that the [White House] telephone number is 1-202-456-1414, he said. Baker, Peter, and Glasser, Susan, The Man Who Ran Washington Doubleday, 2020, at pp. In 1991 Baker was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Corrections? After leaving government service, Baker became a partner in a law firm and served as a diplomatic envoy for United Nations secretary-general Kofi Annan for the Western Sahara. James Addison Baker was born in Houston, Texas at 1216 Bissonnet, to James A. Baker, Jr. (1892-1973) and Ethel Bonner (born Means) Baker (August 6, 1894 - April 26, 1991). Former President George H.W. They claimed that Baker, a former Democrat and a Bush political intimate, was undermining conservative initiatives in the administration. James Baker est n le 28 avril 1930 Houston, au Texas. Though Bush lost to Lloyd Bentsen in the election, Baker continued in politics, becoming the finance chairman of the Texas Republican Party in 1971. His father was a partner of Houston law firm Baker Botts.Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. A drowning can happen in nearly a blink of the eye.". After calming down a bit, he settled for declaring Netanyahu persona non grata, barring him from even entering the doors of the State Department. Despite pleas from his Middle East adviser, Dennis Ross, Baker refused to change the decision. Fax: 713-348-5993. [42] Bush would appoint another G. H. W. Bush Administration veteran, Robert Gates, instead, after the 2006 midterm elections. Originally Baker had been a Democrat, although he had been too busy trying to succeed in a competitive law firm to worry about politics and he considered himself apolitical. One morning in March [of 1991], Baker woke up to see a screaming headline on the cover of the New York Post: BAKERS 4-LETTER INSULT: Secretary of State Rips Jews in Meeting at White House., The sensational headline led readers to a column by Ed Koch, the former mayor of New York who had become a tabloid columnist. [54] Mary Stuart Baker (Mary Stuart was her full first name) died of breast cancer in February 1970. ", In May 1989, he gave a speech at the annual conference of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee. U.S. Secretary of State James Baker III, right, and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir conferring following meetings at the Prime Minister's office in Jerusalem, September 17, 1991. Credit: AP Amir Tibon Follow Sep 29, 2020 It's a quote that has haunted former U.S. Secretary of State James Baker for almost three decades. En effet, avec 200 milliards de dollars de dettes. Baker served as Undersecretary of Commerce under President Gerald Ford in 1975, and ran Ford's unsuccessful re-election campaign in 1976. Learn more about the Baker Institute's leadership and get contact information for the administrative staff. James Addison Baker Jr. (November 3, 1892 - May 21, 1973) was an American attorney, [1] banker, real estate developer, and United States Army officer from Houston, Texas. Diplomacy Center Commemorates Sec. In addition to the numerous recognitions received by Baker, he was presented with the prestigious Woodrow Wilson Award for public service on September 13, 2000, in Washington, D.C. James Addison Baker III[note 1] (born April 28, 1930)[1] is an American attorney, diplomat and statesman. In 1985, Baker received the U.S. James A. Baker III Monument 400 Texas St. Houston, TX 77002 Find Parking The City of Houston named a small portion of Sesquicentennial Park Baker Common that includes a statue of James A. Baker III, as well as plaques commemorating the families contributions to the city. [26], After this landmark event, he did not work to further improve Arab-Israeli relations. Josh White was The Washington Post's America desk editor. Israeli leaders initially thought that Baker had a poor grasp of Middle Eastern issues a perception exacerbated by his use of the term "Greater Israel" and viewed Israel as a "problem for the United States" according to Moshe Arens. Bush. James Baker serves as an Honorary Co-Chair for the World Justice Project. Secretary of State James Baker warned publicly, I will recommend to the President that the United States make no further contributions, voluntary or assessed, to any international organization which makes any changes in the PLO's status as an observer organization.". Bakerwho served on George W. Bush's Homeland Security Councilis the son of James Baker, who for more than a decade was one of the most powerful people in Washington, serving from 1981 to. Many of Baker's concerns proved correct, and the project became a key factor in the company's downfall. Read more at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. Browse 964 james a. baker iii stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. He has been married to Susan Garrett Winston since 1973. She and Baker welcomed their daughter Mary Bonner Baker, born in 1977. Baker served in this role through 1992. He earned a law degree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1957 and then joined a major Houston law firm, eventually becoming a partner in it. During the Florida recount following the 2000 presidential election, he managed George W. Bush's legal team in the state. From his combat service during World War II until his time at the highest levels in American political leadership, he spent his career trying to make our country the very best it could be," said Secretary Baker. The White House and State Department quickly denied that Baker had said it, but William Safire, the New York Times columnist, followed with a piece saying that Baker had actually said something like it on two different occasions. History and family tradition tell of Robert III rescuing William Blount from the British who held him captive during . Reagan rebuked Phillips and Wright for having waged a "campaign of sabotage" against Baker.[16]. Providing actionable policy analysis and recommendations that aim to expand the economy through private enterprise. Bakers Historic Contributions, Statement: Secretary Baker on the Death of Bob Dole. (1957) from The University of Texas at Austin and began to practice law in Texas. He has said that to be an honest broker means the United States should not be perceived as too one-sided. Updates? Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy, Edward P. Djerejian Center for the Middle East, McNair Center for Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth, Baker Briefing: A Diplomats Perspective on Russia, Addressing Climate Change in the Developing World: A Conversation with Rajiv Shah, Charting Paths Forward on Immigration Reform, The Strategic case for U.S. She died of breast cancer in February 1970. During the disputed presidential election of 2000 between George W. Bush and Al Gore, Baker played a leading role for the Bush campaign combating legal challenges filed by Gores campaign. Bush. After two years of active duty as a lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps, he entered The University of Texas School of Law at Austin. After graduating from Princeton, he served in the U. George Walker Bush, George Bush Gaddis Smith REPUBLICAN George Herbert Walker Bush took the oath of office as the forty-first president of the United States on 20 Januar Dick Cheney, Cheney, Dick Lincoln, Nebraska . James Addison Baker Work Hard, Study.and Keep Out of Politics! In the Trump-led Republican Party of 2020, that position is shared by very few. Baker also called on Shamir to forswear annexation. Houston, TX 77005, Email: bipp@rice.edu He and his wife, the former Susan Garrett, currently reside in Houston and have eight children and 17 grandchildren. Bush appointed Baker Secretary of State in 1989. Analyzing the influence of the transnational circulation of people, technologies, commodities and ideas in China. "Most deaths from hot tubs and spas are drowning deaths that aren't related to entanglements or getting trapped," said Mark Ross, a spokesman for the consumer agency, adding that voluntary safety controls have cut down the number of dangerous drains. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [51] In 2017, this group of "Republican elder statesmen" proposed that conservatives embrace a fee and dividend form of carbon tax (in which all revenue generated by the tax is rebated to the populace in the form of lump-sum dividends), as a policy to deal with anthropogenic climate change. Baker was furious, and his immediate reaction was to tell close aides hed be kicking the Israeli ambassador out of Washington. Baker attended The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. Together they had four sons, including James Addison Baker IV, a partner at Baker Botts. Baker was born in Houston, Texas, in 1930. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Going it alone is not an option.. He served in that capacity until 1985. [27] Baker proved willing to confront Israeli officials on statements they made contrary to American interests. He also played a role in the development of the American Silver Eagle and American Gold Eagle coins, which both were released in 1986. Around 1983 Baker became heavily dispirited and tired due to the weight of his job; he attempted to become National Security Advisor, a change to which Reagan initially agreed, but some of Reagan's other advisers dissuaded him from naming Baker to the position. Baker attended The Kinkaid School in Houston, before graduating from The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. On June 15, 2002, Virginia Graeme Baker, the seven-year-old granddaughter of Baker, daughter of Nancy and James Baker IV, was the victim of lethal suction entrapment in an in-ground spa. Bush asked him to run Bushs political campaign for the U.S. Senate. High-Powered D.C. In 1978, with George H. W. Bush as his campaign manager, Baker ran unsuccessfully for Attorney General of Texas, losing to future Texas governor Mark White. Baker helped to construct the 34-nation alliance that fought alongside the United States in the Gulf War. They have six sons and two daughters. When George Herbert Walker Bush decided to vacate his congressional seat and run for the U.S. Senate in 1970, he supported Baker's decision to run for the congressional seat he was vacating. But the former secretary of state was portrayed for many years as anti-Israeli, in large part because of the infamous Fuck the Jews quote. James Addison Baker III, born 28 Apr 1930 Date 1989 Type Photograph Medium Color photograph on paper Dimensions Sheet: 35.6 27.9cm (14 11") Credit Line National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Time magazine Restrictions & Rights Usage conditions apply Copyright William Coupon Object number NPG.90.TC16 Collection Description In 1973 and 1974, Baker returned to full time practice of law at Andrews & Kurth. A Republican Party campaign leader, James Addison Baker, III (born 1930) helped elect as president both Ronald Reagan and George Bush. James Baker III's Grandchild Dies in Whirlpool By Josh White June 19, 2002 The 7-year-old granddaughter of former secretary of state James A. Baker III died when she became trapped in a. He was previously married to Mary Stuart McHenry. [34], Also in 1993, Baker joined Baker Botts as a senior partner, as well as the Carlyle Group (with the title of senior counsel).[35]. The authors write that in his speech Baker wanted to call for a reasonable middle ground on the Israeli-Palestinian issue. He was a regular tennis partner of George H. W. Bush at the Houston Country Club in the late 1950s. Learn more about the Baker Institutes membership forum, which supports the mission of the institute and offers members exclusive access to experts and events. Peter Baker added that much of that change can be attributed to the growing influence of evangelicals within the Republican Party. The tall Texan with the impassive stare ranks as the only person to have served as White House chief of staff,. Baker was interviewed during the making of the film, and British actor Tom Wilkinson portrayed him in it. Baker was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. The authors explain that as the quote spread, it would be repeated by others without the brackets, shortened to Fuck the Jews, an even cruder version than Koch originally alleged., The real story behind the inflammatory comment, the authors write, stemmed from Bakers long-running feud with [Housing Secretary] Jack Kemp, who had told Koch about the episode. All serious issues that Palestine sought to discuss, such as elections and representation in the Israeli government, were delegated to Egypt for decisions to be made. Mary Stuart Baker (Mary Stuart was her full first name) died of breast cancer in February 1970. . All three have been reported as leaning toward the policies of the Israeli Labor Party. The first James Addison Baker arrived in Texas in 1852, a 31-year-old widower who came from Alabama at the urging of his late wife's family. Baker helped to construct the 34-nation alliance that fought alongside the United States in the Gulf War. He left behind the Baker II plan, accepted as a suitable basis of negotiations by the Polisario and unanimously endorsed by the Security Council, but rejected by Morocco. Baker also served on Reagan's National Security Council, and remained Treasury Secretary until 1988, during which time he also served as campaign chairman for George H. W. Bush's successful presidential bid. His grandfather was attorney and banker Captain James A. Baker, and his great-grandfather was jurist and . Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. He previously was The Post's education editor, and he worked as an investigative reporter, a military correspondent and covered crime and courts in Northern Virginia. Baker's time away from politics was very brief, however. Baker met his first wife, the former Mary Stuart McHenry, of Dayton, Ohio, while on spring break in Bermuda with the Princeton University rugby team. He is also the honorary chair of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University in Houston, Texas. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. His wife, Susan, listens at right. The World Justice Project works to lead a global, multidisciplinary effort to strengthen the Rule of Law for the development of communities of opportunity and equity. To promote greater safety in pools and spas, Nancy Baker gave testimony to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, and James Baker helped form an advocacy group, which led to the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool And Spa Safety Act (15 USC 8001). "But the drains have great power, and there are cases where adults have been held down and drowned because of them. On October 9, 2006, the Washington Post quoted co-chairman Baker as saying "our commission believes that there are alternatives between the stated alternatives, the ones that are out there in the political debate, of 'stay the course' and 'cut and run'". James Addison Baker III was born in Houston at 1216 Bissonnet St.,[3] the son of James A. Baker Jr. (18921973) and Ethel Bonner (ne Means) Baker (August 6, 1894 April 26, 1991). Bush administration. (Read James Bakers Britannica essay on isolationism.). For three decades and more, James A Baker III was the face of American power. Baker is already getting kudos as a skilled diplomat who engineered a . Keep supporting great journalism by turning off your ad blocker. He was the third in a succession of men named James Addison Baker, all of whom were attorneys for Baker Botts or its antecedents. They claimed that Baker, a former Democrat and a Bush political intimate, was undermining conservative initiatives in the administration. [33] During his time at Enron, Baker tried to warn against the company's involvement with the Dabhol Power Station in India. Long active in American presidential politics, Baker led presidential campaigns for Presidents Ford, Reagan and Bush over the course of five consecutive presidential elections from 1976 to 1992. Baker has formal involvement with the country of Azerbaijan as he serves on the Honorary Council of Advisers for the U.S.-Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce. Strengthening the binational relationship by addressing major concerns on both sides of the border. No replacement has yet been named. Journalism power-couple Susan Glasser, a staff writer at the New Yorker, and Peter Baker, the New York Times' chief White House correspondent, have cowritten The Man Who Ran Washington, a biography of former Secretary of State and White House chief of staff James A. Baker III, arguably the 20th century's savviest DC power player.. Baker played a role in nearly every major event near the . Ibid. On June 15, 2002, Virginia Graeme Baker, the 7-year-old granddaughter of Baker, daughter of Nancy and James Baker IV, was the victim of suction-pump entrapment in an in-ground spa. He served as the nation's 61st secretary of state from January 1989 through August 1992 under President George H.W. [12] Baker resigned to serve as campaign manager of Ford's unsuccessful 1976 election campaign. Born in Houston, Baker attended The Hill School and Princeton University before serving in the United States Marine Corps. Hall. Baker was a member of the United States Marine Corps from 1952 to 1954, attaining the rank of first lieutenant as a naval gunfire officer serving in the Mediterranean Sea aboard the USSMonrovia. "G.O.P. His memoir, Work Hard, Studyand Keep Out of Politics!, was published in 2006. After Bush accepted the vice presidential slot on a ticket headed by Ronald Reagan that year, Baker joined Reagans campaign staff as a senior adviser. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2008. A new biography of the former diplomat, written by two of the most accomplished reporters in present-day Washington, corrects the record about the infamous quote which was attributed to Baker at the height of his confrontations with Likud Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir, in 1991. Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. Afterwards, he earned a J.D. James A. Baker, III, has served in senior government positions under three United States presidents. [48][49], Baker also serves as an honorary director on the board of directors at the Atlantic Council.[50]. Virginia was the daughter of James A. Baker IV, who is the son of the former cabinet secretary. [15], In 1985, Reagan named Baker as United States Secretary of the Treasury, in a job-swap with then-Secretary Donald Regan, a former Merrill Lynch officer who became chief of staff. Or purchase a subscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on. Stop settlement activity. The Man Who Ran Washington: The Life and Times of James A. Baker III, by Peter Baker and Susan Glasser, is published by Doubleday, priced $35. For other uses, see, Early life, education, and pre-political career, Roles during the Bush administration and Iraq War, He is actually the fourth-generation successive James Addison Baker in his family, despite using the "III". Phone: 713-348-4683 Congressman Lee H. Hamilton have served as the co-chairs of the Iraq Study Group, a bipartisan blue-ribbon panel examining a forward-looking approach to Iraq. The group also included Martin S. Feldstein and N. Gregory Mankiw. [37] He left behind the Baker II plan, accepted as a suitable basis of negotiations by the Polisario and unanimously endorsed by the Security Council, but rejected by Morocco.[38]. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Bush and Secretary of State James A. Baker III (left) meet with reporters on the White House lawn on May 17, 1991, in Washington. In 1975, he was appointed Under Secretary of Commerce for Gerald Ford. [27], During his first eight months under the Bush administration, there were five meetings with the PLO, which is far less than his predecessors. Ron Sachs/CNP for NY Post After leaving the FBI, Twitter seemed eager to hire Baker. Texas Hometown: Baker was born in Houston on April 28, 1930. . The book also shows how much the Republican Partys approach to Israel has changed over recent decades. They had four sons together. Bush Changed the Face of the Middle East. Clearly, constant adult supervision is the only solution to the dangers of having children around water, whether it's open water, pools or hot tubs. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In this August 11, 1990 file photo, President George H. W. Bush is pictured with his advisers on the Middle East crisis, including Secretary of State James Baker III, right. After Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused the United States of "building its policy on a foundation of distortion and lies," Baker banned Netanyahu from entering the State Department building, and refused to meet with him personally for the remainder of his tenure as secretary.