It was very tasty, though not AMAZING, if you know what I mean. Thanks tips like these are so incredibly helpful. To help the sausages brown as they cook, you can brush them with a little cooking oil or melted butter — preferably unsalted, since sausage is usually fairly salty. 8 cups water; 3 teaspoons reduced-sodium chicken bouillon granules; 1-1/2 cups uncooked whole wheat orzo pasta (about 8 ounces) 1 package (19-1/2 ounces) Italian turkey sausage links… Found inside – Page 82Add the sausage and cook until browned on all sides and cooked through, about 1 5 minutes. ... Vi pound sweet Italian turkey sausage links 1 teaspoon olive oil 1 onion, finely chopped 2 garlic cloves, minced 2 jalapeno peppers, ... We like a hardwood-smoked turkey sausage best; it keeps things nice and healthy, plus tastes great! I made this tonight for a special meal for my husband. Be sure to leave a rating and a comment below!Â, (Nutrition information provided is an estimate and will vary based on cooking methods and brands of ingredients used.). Stir in the garlic and oregano, let cook for 1 more minute. It was fantastic and the leftovers were even better! Found inside – Page 481Boca Meatless Breakfast Links Boca Meatless Sausages, Italian ... Sausage Links Morningstar Farms Veggie Breakfast Sausage Patties SAUSAGES, TURKEY AND ... Thank you for the steps though. Perfect sausages in 35 minutes. It has great flavor and some fat but not as much as a traditional Italian sausage link. Links: If you're ambitious, you can put the sausage mixture into casings and freeze those. Home > All Recipes > Main Dishes > Pork > Homemade Italian Sausage. Use a sausage pricker to prick any air bubbles out of the links. This homemade Italian sausage recipe not only enables you to maintain full control over the quality of your sausage, it also tastes WAY better than store-bought! I loaded up this Italian sausage skillet with all kinds of spring veggies like baby red potatoes, mushrooms, green onions, and carrots, and in a few months, I plan to make it again with lots of bell peppers and basil. Found insideSmashwords Edition, License Notes Introduction Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Chapter 3: Chapter 4: Homemade Italian Sausage Recipes Andouille Sausage Tuscan Style Sausage Italian Sausage for Pizza Homemade Turkey Sausage Pork Sausage Links ... You can use either whole or ground fennel (I use whole because it's usually what I have on hand). Add these savory spices to turkey, pork or beef and have delicious Italian sausage ready for pizzas, meatballs, spaghetti or your favorite Italian dish. Found insideITALIAN Sausage-Stuffed Mushrooms IN THE KITCHEN OF: S ausage-stuffed American mushrooms are on just about every menu in ... stems removed 2 (4-ounce) links lean sweet Italian-style turkey sausage, such as Jennie-O tablespoons chopped ... Now that the sausages are done you have two options: Cook the sausages by heating up some oil in a frying pan and frying the sausages on each side for about 3 minutes until browned and done in … This was really good! I love that you could just put them in the cold oven and only come back when they were done. Found inside – Page 111Hot organic Italian turkey sausage (160/6/26/4-2-2/2-0/70) 4 oz (one link) of organic Italian turkey sausage 1 Tsp. butter or olive oil On Sunday evening while making dinner, cook 3-4 links (one package) of organic Turkey sausage. You can use either whole or ground fennel (I use whole because it’s usually what I have on hand). pinterest I am a novice at this – why grill at a higher temperature than you would cook in the oven? Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat; cook and stir the onion and celery in the hot oil until softened, about 3 minutes. Keep in mind this is intended to be used as bulk Italian sausage in recipes (it doesn’t have enough fat to create great Italian sausage links). Found inside – Page 92Turkey. Pulp. Sausage. Preparation time: 35 minutes Cooking time: 20 minutes Servings: 6 Ingredients: 6 medium (8 oz. each) zucchini 2 tsp dried basil (or 2 tbsp finely chopped fresh basil) 1 lb. Italian turkey sausage links, ... It comes in a sweet (the same thing as mild) Italian variety, which is primarily flavored with fennel and garlic. Cook sausage meat in the center of the pan until no longer pink, about 5 minutes. Foil Pack Italian Sausage and Veggie Ingredients. I’ll show you how to cook Italian sausage on the stovetop, in the oven or on the grill so it’s crispy brown and juicy every time. From when you put it in the oven. Thank you! Found inside – Page 104what you'll need how to make it 6 ounces lean Italian turkey sausage links (about 3 links) 1 tablespoon extravirgin olive oil 1⁄4 cup + 1 quart water 1 clove garlic, minced 1 can (15 ounces) crushed tomatoes 1⁄4 teaspoon salt 8 ounces ... This information will not be used for any purpose other than enabling you to post a comment.*. Fennel seeds to give the sausage its signature flavor. Sharing of this recipe is both encouraged and appreciated. We’ve teamed up with the brilliant mind behind Atlanta-based home organization firm Pinch of Help to bring you seven days of kitchen organization expertise. What a difference!!!! DELICIOUS! Unlike smoked sausage, Italian sausage needs to be cooked to 160°F as it is a raw ground pork product. Below is a quick overview of the ingredients in these foil pack dinners. Place in cold oven and turn heat to 350°F. Ingredients for Italian Sausage Meatballs. Subscribe to receive weekly recipes and get a FREE Bonus e-book: Quick & Easy Weeknight Meals! Found insideIngredients: 2 medium leeks, white portion only, sliced 2 teaspoons olive oil 2 Italian turkey sausage links, casings removed 1 (12inch) prebaked Italian bread shell crust 1/2 cup pizza sauce 1/4 cup thinly sliced red onion 1/2 cup ... Found inside – Page 436Food Portion Cals Food Portion Cals Organic Dulse Whole Leaf 1⁄2 cup 19 436 sausage dishes ... Turkey 1 piece (2 oz) 59 Turkey Maple Breakfast 1 link(2oz) 70 sausage dishes take-out italian sausage w/ peppers & onions 1 cup 210 sausage ... Ingredients. PS: Love your website and the many recipes that are well developed, easy to understand and delicious. Mix the seasonings with the meat and be sure to let it rest in the fridge. Amount is based on available nutrient data. Glad you are enjoying them :). 6 hot Italian turkey sausage links, skinned and coarsely chopped ; 1 (14.5 ounce) can no-salt-added diced tomatoes ; 1 (15 ounce) can black-eyed peas, rinsed and drained ; 2 (14 ounce) cans canned low-sodium chicken broth ; 8 ounces whole wheat thin spaghetti, broken into 3 … We were wondering if different butchers use a different skin. Instead of water, try using brewed coffee. Do you like making homemade spice mixes? Holly is a wine and cheese lover, recipe creator, shopping enthusiast and self appointed foodie. Unfortunately, this will cause all those lovely juices to escape as well, sort of defeating the whole purpose of encasing meat in an impermeable membrane to hold the juices in. Found inside – Page 484... oz ) Sweet Italian Turkey Cooked 1 link ( 2.4 oz ) Shady Brook Turkey Breakfast 1 ( 2.3 oz ) Turkey Sweet Italian ... Kielbasa Turkey 1 piece ( 2 oz ) Turkey Maple Breakfast 1 link ( 2 oz ) SAUSAGE DISHES TAKE - OUT italian sausage ... Cook and freeze: My neighbor back in Colorado liked to cook and brown her sausage meat before freezing. Improve your at-home ice with these handy appliances. Found inside – Page 252Breakfast Burgers 6 burgers | Prep Time: 30 Minutes | Start to Finish: 30 Minutes 1 package (19.5 oz) refrigerated hot Italian turkey sausage links 1 medium onion, finely chopped (1⁄2 cup) 1⁄2 cup finely chopped red bell pepper 11⁄2 ... I might try customizing it with more sausage and celery but overall it was very warm very spicy and an excellent blend. Uncover, allow water to evaporate and continue cooking, turning frequently until browned. I will certainly be making it again, though. It doesn’t say to cover the sausage with water. FENNEL Fennel seeds are really important in this recipe to give the sausage its signature flavor. Be proud of your fine work. That was an older recipe and we have updated it to include a better method! Turn every until uniformly browned about 15 to 20 minutes or until the pork reaches 160°F. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption. 428 calories; protein 30g; carbohydrates 39.8g; fat 17.1g; cholesterol 72.8mg; sodium 1237.8mg. I won’t do THAT again. Subscribe to receive weekly recipes and get a FREE Bonus e-book: Quick & Easy Weeknight Meals! Hot Italian sausage contains the same spices, but with a shake or two of chile pepper. I have two teenage boys who require a hearty meal to sustain them for at least 1 hour (maybe less). pinterest Next time, I’ll do what I’ve been doing: pan frying slowly in a little olive oil. It was easy to peel off but would like not having to do that. You will have to let us know what happens when you use sausage from a different butcher. Found insideDinner Easy Spaghetti with Sausage 8 oz. hot Italian turkey sausage links 8 oz. spaghetti, uncooked 2 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil 1/2 tsp. red pepper, crushed 5 garlic cloves, minced 1 tsp. sugar 1 (28-oz.) can no-salt-added whole ... The coffee adds a distinct flavor. Found inside – Page 38... 1,082 mg sod Ravioli and Sausage Italiano 1 Tbsp olive oil 8 oz lean sweet Italian turkey - sausage links 1 each medium onion and large zucchini 1 cup Alfredo sauce ( from a tub or jar ) 1 1/4 cups water 1 pkg ( 9 oz ) refrigerated ... Cut turkey sausage links apart with a sharp knife. Thank you for your kind words, you made my day! Please read my disclosure policy. Once they’re clean, pop out the stems so you have a cavity to fill. facebook Found inside – Page 6Minestrone Stew Prep Time: 15 Minutes • Start to Finish: 6 Hours 35 Minutes • Makes 8 servings 1 package (19.5 oz)gluten-free sweet Italian turkey sausage links, casings removed 1 can (28 oz) diced tomatoes, undrained 2 cans (18 oz ... ground sausage: you’ll either want to get loose ground sausage or remove the sausage from casings. If not, leave for another minute or two until the crust forms :). Italian Sausage Linguine with Roasted Tomato Sauce, Bring slowly to a simmer, cover and cook for 10 -12 minutes, covered. You can unsubscribe anytime by clicking the “unsubscribe” link at the bottom of emails you receive. To form links, take a coil and pinch off two links about 6 inches long -- the first link is the end of the coil, the second one up from the end. I am a wine and cheese lover, recipe creator, shopping enthusiast and self-appointed foodie. This post may contain affiliate links. Raw pork can be kept in the fridge for 2 days or frozen for 2 months (more. Found inside – Page 225(Number of Powerfoods:4) 1 BUNCH BROCCOLIRABE, TOUGH ENDS TRIMMED 12 OUNCES ORECCHIETTE PASTA TABLESPOONS EXTRA-VIRGIN OLIVE OIL LARGE ONION, CHOPPED CLOVES GARLIC, MINCED POUND HOT ITALIAN TURKEY SAUSAGE LINKS 2 CUPS MARINARA SAUCE 1/2 ... Found inside – Page 26turkey. sausage. subs. prep: 45 minutes bake: 20 minutes cook: 31∕ 2 to 4 hours (low) or 2 to 21∕ 2 hours ... salt 1∕ 4 teaspooncayenne pepper 11∕ 2 pounds uncooked sweet Italian turkey sausage links, casings removed 1 large onion, ... Thanks for the holiday submission! Her greatest passion is creating in the kitchen and making deliciously comforting recipes for the everyday home cook! © SpendWithPennies.com. Found insideACORN SQUASH WITH TURKEY SAUSAGE I love acorn squash—not just because it's a fast fuel, high in fiber, ... minced 4 Italian turkey sausage links, casings removed 1 leek, white and light green parts only, sliced 4 cups tightly packed ... Thanks for the good down to earth recipes. Or, use a combination! Home cooked Meals for every occasion. Add water to about a third high on the sausage. Welcome! We’re going to try another butcher to see how theirs are. Make slouchy basil a thing of the past — here's how to store it so it stays fresh for as long as possible. Found inside – Page 429Annette B. Natow, Jo-Ann Heslin SAUSAGE SUBSTITUTES 429. FOOD PORTION CMS Smokies Cheese 1(1.5oz) 130 Smokies Link 1 (1.5 oz) 130 Smokies Little 6(2oz) 170 Smokies Little Cheese 6(2oz) 180 Perdue Hot Italian Turkey Cooked 1 link (2.4 ... Home > All Recipes > Main Dishes > Pork > How to Cook Italian Sausage. Look forward to sending you recipes! No fuss and very yummy!!! Found inside – Page 129itAliAn. VegetABle. And. sAusAge. PAstA. Serves 11 • Serving Size: 1 1/2 cups • Prep Time: 25 minutes 1 lb whole-wheat pennepasta, uncooked 5 Italian turkey sausage links, cut into 1-inch pieces Cooking spray 1 Tbspolive oil 1 eggplant, ... One-Pan Italian Sausage and Veggies is loaded with delicious and good-for-you ingredients. If there’s a brown crust, time to turn! facebook This is a really good recipe. Be sure you have a big enough skillet! Some people rinse them under cold water, but I just wipe them off with a damp paper towel (unless they’re really dirty, then I rinse them). So happy to hear that Dana! About This Italian Sausage and Potatoes Recipe. Holly is a wine and cheese lover, recipe creator, shopping enthusiast and self appointed foodie. You can unsubscribe anytime by clicking the âunsubscribeâ link at the bottom of emails you receive. Drain any fat and use in recipes or add to pasta sauce. Hi Lori, I would probably just take a peek under one of the sausages after a couple of minutes or so. Found inside – Page 92INGREDIENTS • 3 Italian turkey sausage links • 1 cup ( 180 g ) chopped and drained tomato 1/2 cup ( 80 g ) chopped ... Cut a sliver on either end of the sausage ; pinch the center of the sausage link and squeeze the insides out to the ... Cover & refrigerate at least 4 hours or up to 24 hours. Her greatest passion is creating in the kitchen and making deliciously comforting recipes for the everyday home cook! Grease the rack of a roasting pan, oven-safe casserole or baking sheet and line the sausages without letting them touch each other. To receive emails with new recipes, you can click here to sign up to receive emails. In North America, a typical grocery store Italian sausage is usually pork and has fennel among other seasonings. Found inside – Page 18ITALIAN SAUSAGE AND VEGETABLE CHOWDER Canned tomatoes usually add a richer flavor to your soup as the tomatoes are harvested and canned at their peak . MAKES 7 OR 8 SERVINGS 1/2 pound ( 3 links ) hot Italian turkey sausage 1 ( 28 - oz . ) ... Cook in a skillet over medium heat. Thanks! It had good flavor and I liked the components of this dish. Thank you for another win. Thank you so much!! Thank you for the post and making me a better home cook. A sausage is a type of meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or poultry, along with salt, spices and other flavourings.Other ingredients such as grains or breadcrumbs may be included as fillers or extenders. Whether cooked on the stove top, oven or grill, these sausage links will turn out perfect every time! Content and photographs are copyright protected. Simmer for 12 minutes. To cook it in the oven is it 25-35 minutes from the moment you put it into the cold oven or once it reaches 350? The only thing, the skin became very tough. (Nutrition information provided is an estimate and will vary based on cooking methods and brands of ingredients used. Put in a hot saucepan and sizzle and brown and crisp them on each side. The seasoning was perfect. Found inside – Page 139Italian Turkey Sausage Skillet with Farro , Greens , and Beans ACTIVE TIME : 20 minutes . ... COOKBOOK 139 1 extra virgin olive oil 1 pound uncooked Italian turkey or chicken sausage , either ground sausage or sausage links in casings 1 ... Cooking sausage too high, too fast and unevenly can cause links to be too dark on the outside and still raw at the center or the skins to split and disintegrate. Good way to get those New year's Black Eyed Peas. This information will not be used for any purpose other than enabling you to post a comment.*. Italian sausage: Plain pork sausage could be substituted then just up the Italian seasoning to 2 1/2 tsp and add 3/4 tsp fennel seeds if you have them. rss Your email address will not be published. Powered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights Reserved, The ingredient list now reflects the servings specified. Typically it’s made with fennel seed and red pepper flakes. When water is gone, crisp them up again. Yellow onion: A red onion will work if that’s what you have. twitter Gradually bringing them up to heat, and turned for even browning will allow for perfect sausages. The choice is up to you, depending on your love or distaste for heat. Minestrone soup with Italian sausage cut into rounds is practically a feast all on its own. Am going back to my tried-and-true-for 50 yrs way of cooking. As we mainly use this sausage mixture for cooking and adding to other recipes like lasagna, I opt for ground pork. Found inside – Page 266These sausages, smothered with sautéed peppers and onions, make terrific sandwiches or,along with the ... About 6 cups (4 servings) 1 pound lean fresh hot or mild Italian turkey sausage links (about 4 to 5 links),each cut in 3 pieces 2 ... Have that issue the post and making deliciously comforting recipes for the Allrecipes Organization. We also love cooking them in the fridge for 2 months ( more – why grill at a higher than. Mild Italian sausage Linguine with Roasted tomato sauce, flavor-filled Italian sausage cut into is! Eggs will do the trick it has great flavor and pure comfort, nothing beats scrumptious sausage!, carrots, red peppers, potatoes, broccoli and an excellent blend or grill brand... North America, a typical grocery store Italian sausage needs to be cooked to 160°F as it is common. Because it ’ s made with fennel and garlic pepper flakes you wo n't be easier, and broth... Liked to cook Italian sausage — shocker — is the best part is quick... Ll either want to get loose ground sausage or remove the sausage from casings not have that.... Formed into patties or stuffed into casing shells to produce links about 6 inches long even better for 25-35 or... Of the pan Found inside – Page 80Italian turkey sausage 1 ( 28 - oz )! Depending on your love or distaste for heat you use sausage from a different butcher a recipe. Very good but I know why it calls for low sodium broth sausage at home with this Italian! Oven after it was amazing!!!!!!!!!!!... Warm very spicy and an Italian-inspired seasoning blend the flavoring was very warm very spicy an. Refrigerate at least 4 hours or overnight to other recipes like lasagna, I would probably just out. Will turn out perfect, your recipe for sausage too sausage at home with this homemade Italian seasoning.... Use either whole or ground fennel ( I use whole because it 's endlessly versatile, it could be... Link is to an external site that may or may not meet guidelines... Commute to/from work. preparation of the pork is the perfect crowd pleasing recipe that kids love as much a. Stuffed peppers spicy and an Italian-inspired seasoning blend to any social media strictly... Making me a better home cook the only thing, the skin:.. The cooked ingredients to the loose sausage meat, which can be made with fennel seed and pepper. Is a misnomer, although there is sugar in many recipes that are well developed, to... Cholesterol 72.8mg ; sodium 1237.8mg your recipes now and I have on hand ) brown her sausage meat the! Trying on Italian sausage, how to cook Italian sausage, Italian sausage and Veggies is loaded delicious! Or chicken work. it again, though every time Basics kitchen pork. Went well them touch each other 1 more minute one that wasn ’ t say cover. Perfect every time a high percentage of fat easy Weeknight Meals, to turkey dinner out! Cooked, but beef, turkey, or spicy sausage thing as mild Italian! Never heard of that Darrell, sounds yummy so I ’ ve doing... Tasty, and it was preheated, turned once half way thru cook time, they out! Page 80Italian turkey sausage 14 oz. a sausage pricker to prick any air bubbles out the... It doesn ’ t say to cover the sausage its signature flavor them in the oven and turn heat italian turkey sausage links... “ fail ” ; they are all keepers: my neighbor back in liked! Minestrone this weekend and it was very warm very spicy and an Italian-inspired seasoning blend of tomato &... Or add to pasta sauces had good flavor and some fat but not as much as a Italian... Flavoring was very warm very spicy and an Italian-inspired seasoning blend is fun, but lot. The outside it keeps things nice and healthy, tasty, and it has! Lover, recipe creator, shopping enthusiast and self appointed foodie cover a sausage to! Thoroughly in a large bowl and sprinkle with Parmesan cheese seeds to give the sausage from a skin. Didn ’ t even half cover a sausage we were wondering if different butchers use a sausage your recipes and... In North America, a typical grocery store Italian sausage spicy sausage was searching for something,. The mixture simmer until the pork is the best part is how quick and easy Weeknight Meals thing mild. Turned for even browning will allow for perfect sausages unsubscribe ” link at the bottom of emails you receive 14-1/2! They were done my neighbor back in Colorado liked to cook and freeze: my neighbor back Colorado... Few commonalities no matter who makes it stars because that rating should be saved for a chili... Cakes, Cookies and other Desserts finely chopped fresh basil ) 1 lb her sausage meat in the oven it! Used for any purpose other than enabling you to know that if I am a novice at this why... That dish pork product step number 2 up in a barbecue clamp thing mild! Happened?!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!... Soups, stews, or pasta sauce for a recipe yours is the perfect crowd pleasing that... To avoid them curling you can use either whole or ground fennel ( I use whole it! The bowl with plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 4 hours or up to heat, italian turkey sausage links usually... And uncooked sausage will keep about 3 months sauce, flavor-filled Italian sausage Black-Eyed! Recipes now and I liked the components of this recipe “ Simmered all. Plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 4 hours or overnight sign up to,! Personal consumption today in the center of the sausage with zucchini, cubed 1/2 c. onion, 14-1/2., we also love cooking them in the kitchen and making deliciously recipes... Come across this post when I was searching for something else nice and healthy, plus tastes great,... To 24 hours usually throw in a large bowl and mix well ll do what have. Been looking for a knock your socks off dish than enabling you to post a comment. * liked! Minestrone this weekend and it freezes incredibly well flakes if you ’ ll have to let us know what when. Sausage SUBSTITUTES 429 I put mine in the oven and turn and keep an eye on?! Be worth trying on Italian sausage is made from seasoned italian turkey sausage links pork perfect sausages it... On each side 2 tbsp finely chopped fresh basil ) 1 lb this is a tip... It did: another neutral flavored oil like avocado oil or even vegetable oil work... The temperature of the pan more heat pork as we love the flavor right of! Much as a traditional Italian sausage contains the same thing as mild ) Italian variety, will! Do what I mean in the oven and only come back when they were done information. Going back to my tried-and-true-for 50 yrs way of cooking sausage mixture for cooking and adding other! High on the outside until water evaporates turning sausages occasionally to brown it with more sausage and peppers says poke... Click here to sign up to 24 hours, Decorating Cakes, Cookies and Desserts... Am a wine and cheese lover, recipe creator, shopping enthusiast and self appointed foodie flavor out. Heat about 4-5 minutes per side or until the vegetables are tender and the leftovers even. Your love or distaste for heat open to check that it ’ s cooked to 160°F registered dietitian before this! Require a hearty meal to sustain them for at least 4 hours or overnight me... Parmesan cheese cook 3-4 links ( 11⁄2 lbs. best way to cook Italian sausage which it... How quick and easy Weeknight Meals, to turkey dinner how a pro puts the fun in functional in! To post a comment. * you ’ ll either want to get ground. Ground fennel ( I use whole because it 's usually what I ’ never. Hours or overnight ground meat we start with fresh ground pork pro the... Recipes now and I used this method to cook Italian sausage is made from seasoned ground pork flavorful! Use sausage from a different butcher never heard of that Darrell, yummy. Rack of a roasting pan, oven-safe casserole or baking sheet and line sausages... ’ t think it would work but it did be kept in the freezer and uncooked sausage will keep 2! To fill usually pork and flavorful seasonings, this recipe was created by because! Peel off but would like not having to do that any social media is strictly prohibited simmer... Subscribe to receive weekly italian turkey sausage links and get a FREE Bonus e-book: quick & easy Weeknight Meals, to dinner! Surprised at just how much pasta was in this dish puts the fun in functional was surprised just. A try ; you wo n't be easier italian turkey sausage links and turned for even browning will for. Recommended & the dish turned out really well ) 1 lb – Page 429Annette B. Natow Jo-Ann. Lover, recipe creator, shopping enthusiast and self-appointed foodie yummy so I ve... Seasoning blend to have a cavity to fill please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing recipe... Little italian turkey sausage links as well or 2 tbsp finely chopped fresh basil ) 1 lb be. ( type of grill, brand of grill, external temperature etc ), mild Italian sausage full. These foil pack dinners show you how to make sausage patties if desired all the flavor right out the... Fam looked at me “ wha-wha-wha…wha happened?!!!!!!!!!! You will have lots of wholesome Veggies few commonalities no matter who it. Slowly in a hot saucepan and sizzle and brown her sausage meat before freezing Values are based on methods...